Carbohydrates

Question 1

The prefixes D - and L - found in the complete name of a monosaccharide are used to identify one of two possible isomeric forms called?

Answer 1

stereoisomers

Question 2

must have the same molecular formula and the same bonding

Answer 2

stereoisomers

Question 3

The only atom in the plane of the paper is the?

Answer 3

stereocenter

Question 4

the study of the different spatial arrangements of atoms

Answer 4

Stereochemistry

Question 5

Non-superimposable mirror images

Answer 5

Enantiomers

Question 6

a monosaccharide that, when written as a Fischer projection, has the -OH group on its penultimate carbon to the right.

Answer 6

D-Monosaccharide

Question 7

a monosaccharide that, when written as a Fischer projection, has the -OH group on its penultimate carbon to the left.

Answer 7

L-Monosaccharide

Question 8

The three most abundant hexoses in the biological world are?

Answer 8

D-glucose, D-galactose, and D-fructose

Question 9

by far the most abundant of the three

Answer 9

Glucose

Question 10

is also known as dextrose because it is dextrorotatory.

Answer 10

Glucose

Question 11

Molecules above

Answer 11

Chiral

Question 12

Any object or molecule with plane of symmetry is

Answer 12

Achiral

Question 13

are said to be optically active

Answer 13

Enantiomers

Question 14

Some compounds rotate light in a clockwise direction

Answer 14

dextrorotatory(D)

Question 15

Other substances rotate light in a counter clockwise direction.

Answer 15

Levorotatory(L)

Question 16

dextrorotatory(D) and are designated by a

Answer 16

plus sign (+ )

Question 17

levorotatory (L) and are indicated by a

Answer 17

minus sign (-)

Question 18

Simplest carbohydrate

Answer 18

D-glyceraldehyde

Question 19

Most important in diet

Answer 19

D-glucose

Question 20

Sweetest of all sugars

Answer 20

D-fructose

Question 21

Part of milk sugar

Answer 21

D-galactose

Question 22

Used in RNA

Answer 22

D-ribose

Question 23

was the first to see a relationship between the structure of a compound and the effect of that compound on plane-polarized light.

Answer 23

Louis Pasteur

Question 24

Louis Pasteur

Answer 24

1848

Question 25

Pasteur noticed that salts of tartaric acid were formed as a by-product.

Answer 25

Winemaking

Question 26

devised a simple way to represent the structure of stereoisomers.

Answer 26

Emil Fischer

Question 27

is a two-dimensional drawing of a molecule that shows a chiral carbon at the intersection of two lines.

Answer 27

Fischer Projection

Question 28

represent bonds projecting out of the page, and the vertical lines represent bonds that project into the page.

Answer 28

The horizontal lines

Question 29

Almost all carbohydrates in living systems are members of the

Answer 29

D-family

Question 30

use for obesity

Answer 30

Dexfenfluramine

Question 31

for pain

Answer 31

Ibuprofen

Question 32

for antibiotic

Answer 32

Levofloxacin

Question 33

For Psychiatric depression

Answer 33

Paroxetine

Question 34

AIDS

Answer 34

Indinavir

Question 35

Staple food

Answer 35

Starch

Question 36

Structural and protective elements

Answer 36

Cellulose

Question 37

Unrefined sugar from palm sap

Answer 37

Jaggery

Question 38

Ophyroscolex species

Answer 38

Protozoan

Question 39

General formula of carbohydrates

Answer 39

CnH2nOn

Question 40

Greek word of sugar/saccharide

Answer 40

Sakcharon

Question 41

Five carbon sugar molecules

Answer 41

Pentoses

Question 42

Found in hearts muscles

Answer 42

D-lyxose

Question 43

8 components of glycoproteins

Answer 43

D-xylose and D-Arabinose

Question 44

Also known as D-Glucose

Answer 44

Hexoses

Question 45

A ubiquitous fuel in biology

Answer 45

Glucose

Question 46

metabolic diseases in which a person has high blood sugar, either because the body does not produce enough insulin, or because cells do not respond to the insulin that is produced.

Answer 46

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 47

presence of glucose in the urine

Answer 47

Glycosura

Question 48

less sweet than glucose

Answer 48

Galactose

Question 49

Inherited disease

Answer 49

Galactosemia

Question 50

increase concentration in blood and urine

Answer 50

Galactusuria

Question 51

- inherited disease - fructose intolerance

Answer 51

Fructosemia

Question 52

also known as cane sugar

Answer 52

Sucrose

Question 53

- also known as maltobiose or malt sugar - the disaccharide produced when amylase breaks down starch

Answer 53

Maltose

Question 54

Dental plaque

Answer 54

Streptococcus mutans

Question 55

Main storage polysaccharide of animal cells

Answer 55

Glycogen

Question 56

A long chain polymer of a N-acetyiglucosamine, a derivative of glucose

Answer 56

Chitin