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BModule 2: Foundations In Biology > carbohydrates > Flashcards

carbohydrates Flashcards

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1
Q

what elements make up carbohydrates?

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

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2
Q

what are monosaccharides?

A

the monomers that make up carbohydrates

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3
Q

what is a disaccharide?

A

a sugar formed from 2 monosaccharides

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4
Q

what is a polysaccharide?

A

a polymer formed by many monosaccharides

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5
Q

what bonds join monosaccharides together?

A

glycosidic bonds

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6
Q

is glucose a carbohydrate?

A

yes

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7
Q

what is the chemical formula for glucose?

A

C6H1206

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8
Q

what type of monosaccharide is glucose?

A

a hexose monosaccharide as there are 6 carbon atoms

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9
Q

how many types of glucose is there?

A

2

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10
Q

what are the 2 types of glucose called?

A

alpha and beta

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11
Q

what is the role of glucose?

A

it is an energy source as its the main substrate used in respiration. this releases energy for the production of ATP

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12
Q

is glucose soluble or insoluble?

A

soluble

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13
Q

why does alpha and beta glucose have different functions?

A

due to their structural variation

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14
Q

describe the structure of glucose

A
  1. the formula is C6H12O6
  2. CH2OH is at the top
  3. 5 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom make up the corners
  4. H and OH come off a C atom
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15
Q

what is the structural difference between alpha and beta glucose?

A

in alpha glucose, the H atom is above the OH atom on 1C. whereas in beta glucose, the H atom is below the OH atom on 1C

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16
Q

why is glucose soluble in water?

A

hydrogen bonds form with water

17
Q

is glucose polar or non-polar?

A

polar

18
Q

what is ribose?

A

a carbohydrate

19
Q

what type of monosaccharide is ribose?

A

a pentose monosaccharide as it has 5 carbon atoms

20
Q

where can ribose be found?

A

in nucleotides

21
Q

describe the structure of ribose

A
  1. CH2OH at the top
  2. 4 carbon atoms and 1 oxygen atom makes up the corners
  3. H and OH come off each C atom
22
Q

what is the difference between ribose and deoxyribose?

A

deoxyribose has less oxygen. OH turns to just H at C2.

BModule 2: Foundations In Biology (13 decks)

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