Carbohydrates Flashcards
Carbohydrates
Main source of energy for biological function
-Made up of sugars
-ose suffix
Carbonyl Type
-Aldehyde –> Aldose (-CHO functional group on top)
-Ketone –> Ketose (Ketone functional on top)
Fischer Projection
-Open form of sugar
-Carbonyl group on top
-Hydroxylmethyl group on bottom
D Stereoisomer
Last hydroxyl group of Right side of Fischer projection
-All natural sugars
L Stereoisomer
Last hydroxyl group of Left side of Fischer projection
-Synthetic sugars
Haworth Projection
-Closed form of sugar
-Last hydroxyl cyclizes onto carbonyl group
Anomeric Position
Position directly adjacent to Oxygen in ring
Alpha- Anomer
Anomeric Hydroxyl group is DOWN on Haworth projection
Beta- Anomer
Anomeric Hydroxyl group is UP on Haworth projection
Epimer
Diastereomer, but only 1 stereocenter changes
Fischer to Haworth
Right Side = Down
“Robert DOWNie”
Left Side = Up
Linkage between individual sugars
Glycosidic bond
Beta -> Up
Alpha -> Down
Ketose Fischer to Haworth
How I numbered it match up carbons
