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Biology Carbohydrates > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the biological molecules?

A

Proteins, lipids and carbohydrates

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2
Q

What are the main types of molecules life is made up of?

A

Water, lipids, carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids.

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3
Q

What is a monomer?

A

A single identical repeating unit (building block).

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4
Q

What do we form when monomers join together?

A

Polymers

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5
Q

What is the type of reaction by which monomers join together and what is formed in this reaction?

A

Condensation reaction and water is formed.

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6
Q

What type of a condensation reaction is a reaction in which a polymer is formed?

A

Polymerisation

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7
Q

Which monomers are carbohydrates made up of?

A

monosachharides

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8
Q

Which monomers are the proteins made up of?

A

amino acids

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9
Q

Which monomers are nucleic acids made up of?

A

nucleotides

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10
Q

What are the three different types of carbohydrates?

A

mono, di and polysaccharides

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11
Q

Give three properties of monosaccharides?

A

They are sweet, single sugars, soluble and contain C, H and O

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12
Q

What are the three types of monosaccharides?

A

triose, pentose and hexose

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13
Q

What is the general formula of monosaccharides?

A

(CH2O)n

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14
Q

Give an example of a triose monosaccharide.

A

glyceraldehyde

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15
Q

Give two examples of a pentose monosaccharide.

A

deoxyribose and ribose

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16
Q

Give three examples of a hexose monosaccharide.

A

glucose, galactose and fructose

17
Q

Which monosaccharides can exist in an open and ring form?

A

Hexose and pentose

18
Q

What is the two forms that glucose can exist in?

A

Alpha and beta

19
Q

What is alpha glucose?

A

In alpha the H on C4 is up the carbon.

20
Q

What are the functions of monosaccharides?

A

As an energy source and as building blocks.

21
Q

Where is the large energy stored in monosaccharides?

A

Between the C-H bonds which is released to form ATP.

22
Q

Give examples of disaccharides.

A

Sucrose, maltose and lactose

23
Q

What are the monosaccharides that sucrose is made up of?

A

Fructose + glucose

24
Q

What are the monosaccharides that maltose is made up of?

A

alpha glucose + alpa glucose

25
Q

What are the monosaccharides that lactose is made up of?

A

glucose + galactose

26
Q

What is the name of the bond formed when two monosaccharides join together?

A

1-4 glycosidic linkage

Biology Carbohydrates (4 decks)

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