Carbohydrate digestion

Question 1

How does Fructose travel into the blood

Answer 1

fructose used the GLUT-5 transporter protein, carrier mediated transport down a concentration gradient, using no ATP

Question 2

how does glucose and galactose (and other monosaccharides) travel into the blood

Answer 2

via transport protein SGLT1, using active co-transport, Na+ and glucose transported into an enterocyte, Na+ transported down concentration gradient, the glucose gets a free ride, no direct use of ATP

Question 3

why is glucose and galactose transport into the blood considered active co-transport

Answer 3

energy is expended in the maintainance of Na+ concentration gradient; into the basolateral membrane, Na+ , K+ , K+-ATPase pump, pumps out 3 Na+ ions in exchange for 2 K+ ions, using 1 ATP molecule.

Question 4

how do glucose, glactose and other monosaccharides (excluding fructose) travel from the basolateral membrane to the blood capillary

Answer 4

facilitated diffusion through transporter protein: GLUT-2

Question 5

what is an enterocyte

Answer 5

simple columnar epithelial cells that line the inner tissue layer of the small and large intestine. uptake of ions, water, nutrients and vitamins.