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Capitol 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Factori de risc/susceptibilitate

A
  1. Modificari raspuns imun
  2. Stres
  3. Fumat
  4. Varsta
  5. Factori genetucu
  6. Factori endocrini
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2
Q

Formare biofilm incepe

A

1/3 Ce
Poate incepe in santuri, fosete, zone interPx protejate de F externi

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3
Q

Cand se formeaza mai mult biofilm ziua sau noapte?

A

Ziua cu 50% mai mult
- saliva are rol mai accentuat in cresterea placii decat antibacterian

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4
Q

Factori predispozanti locali boala paro

A
  1. Tartru
  2. Obiceiuri vicioase
  3. Anomalii DM
  4. Trauma Oc
  5. Unele iatrogenii
  6. Efecte Rterapie
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5
Q

Factorii predispozanti locali in boala paro actioneaza prin

A

FARTS

  1. F necorespunzatoare ca amplitudini si directie
  2. Conditii anatomice care vulnerabilizeaza la actiunea B paro
  3. Crestere retentivitate si acumulare
  4. Microtraume repetate
  5. Nerespectare spatiu biologic
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6
Q

Tartrul dentar actioneaza prin

A

CAMP

  1. Impiedica curatarea artificiala si autocuratirea
  2. Impiedica accesul substantelor dezinfectante la S dentare si sant gingival
  3. Iritatie mecanica a MG
  4. Suport si mentinere placa B - locusuri de colonizare si contact cu tesutul gingival
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7
Q

Formare tartru

A

Primele nuclee de calcificare matriceala - 4-8h
In prinele 48h - 50%
In 12 zile - 60-90%

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8
Q

Initiere si rata calcificare tartru depind de

A

MIT

  1. Momentul
  2. Individ
  3. Topografie
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9
Q

Nivel maxim formare tartru in ce perioada?

A

Intre 10 saptamani si 6 luni

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10
Q

Factori de risc boala paro

A

Diabet zaharat
Fumat

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11
Q

Anomaliile D si DM ca factori predispozanti locali boala paro

A

I ESCAPeD SD

  1. Incongruenta dentoalveolara cu inghesuire
  2. Ectopii dentare
  3. Incongruenta dentoalveolara cu spatiere
  4. Compresie de maxilar
  5. Prognatism mandibular
  6. Oc adanca acoperita
  7. Oc deschisa
  8. DSN
  9. Distrofii dentare
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12
Q

Iatrogenii ca factori locali predispozanti boala paro

A
  1. Obturatii neconforme
  2. Slefuire intempestiva cu afectare parodontiu
  3. LP necorespunzatoare cu margini neadaptate
  4. Tratament orto incorect
  5. Instrumentare endo agresiva
  6. Crosete neadaptate
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13
Q

Factori predispozanti sistemici paro

A
  1. Boli endocrine
  2. Modificari hormonale
  3. Sindroame psiho somatice
  4. Sindroame genetice
  5. Afectiuni hema
  6. Deficiente nutritionale
  7. Deficiente imuno
  8. Stres
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14
Q

P cu diabet sunt mai predispusi la infectii din cauza alterarii

A
  1. Chemotactism
  2. Fagocitoza
  3. Aderenta PMN
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15
Q

P cu diabet slab controlat - alterare functii ale

A

PMN
Mf
Monocite

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16
Q

Stresul oxidativ e asociat cu

A
  1. Afectiuni pulmonare
  2. DZ
  3. Boala paro
  4. Cancer
  5. Neurodegenerare
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17
Q

Efecte pe termen lung la nivel sistemic fumatori

A
  1. Dezechilibru oxidanti-antioxidanti plasmatici - stres oxidativ crescut
  2. Creste numar total de Leu - mai ales PMN
  3. Creste numar total de Limf T - BPOC indusa de fumat
  4. Creste sinteza de citokine proinflamatorii pulmonar si in circulatia sistemica - IL 1, IL 6, TNF alfa
  5. Creste sinteza de P de faza acuta
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18
Q

Proteine de faza acuta

A
  1. P C reactiva
  2. Fibrinogen
  3. GlicoP acida alfa 1
  4. Ceruloplasmin
  5. Alfa 2 macroglobulina
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19
Q

Tutunul fara ardere efecte

A
  1. Leucoplazie orala
  2. Carcinoame orale
  3. RG
  4. Pierdere atasament localizata
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20
Q

Din ce e formata matricea extracelulara a biofilmului dentar

A
  1. Polizaharide de origine microbiana
  2. Lipide din liza B moarte
  3. Proteine din liza glicoP salivare de catre bacterii
  4. Imunoglobulinele salivare
  5. Componenta anorganica - Ca, K, F, PO
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21
Q

Polizaharidele de origine microbiana

A 
Glicogen
Dextran
Mutan
Levan
GlicoP salivare
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22
Q

Rol matrice extracelulara biofilm

A

Mentinere integritate biofilm
Sursa energie pentru B
Previne desicarea B
Legare substante nutritive ionice
Organizare spatiala specii B in raport cu altele

23
Q

Compozitia microbiana din CO se modifica in functie de

A
  1. Absenta D
  2. Eruptia D
  3. Extractia D
  4. Carii
  5. Parodontite
  6. Modificari hormonale - pubertate
  7. Modificari factori fizici locali - pH, O2, CO2, temperatura
24
Q

Factori inhibitori produsi de bacterii

A

Acizi organici
Peroxid de H
Enzime
Bacteriocine

25
Q

Mecanisme care explica rezistenta la antibiotice

A
  1. Scadere rata de crestere B din biofilm - nu se divid
  2. Scade difuziunea ATB prin matricea extracelulara
  3. Sinteza E bacteriene care degradeaza unele ATB - betalactamaza, formaldehid-dehidrogenaza
  4. Populatia B superR la ATB - pot elimina ATB in exteriorul celulei prin pompa de eflux
  5. Schimburi de informatie genetica - ADN bacterian
26
Q

Factori de virulenta AA

A

Leucotoxine
Colagenaze
LPZ de suprafata

27
Q

Factori de virulenta Pg

A

Capsula
Fimbrii de suprafata
LPZ de suprafata
Arsenal proteolitic - gingipaine
Produsi de metabolism toxic - evita sistemul imun

28
Q

Factori de virulenta B subggvale

A
  1. Produsi de metabolism si substantele toxice produse de B
  2. Proteaze B
  3. Fimbrii B
  4. Capacitate de evitate a sistemului imun al organismului
  5. LPZ
29
Q

Produsi de metabolism si substante toxice produse de B - Pg

A
  1. Hidrogen sulfurat
  2. Metlimercaptan
  3. Acid acetic
  4. Acid propionic
  5. Acid butiric
30
Q

Acidul butiric induce apoptoza caror celule

A

Fibroblaste
Celule epiteliale gingivale
Limfocite B si T

31
Q

Capacitatea de evitare a sistemului imun de catre B se face prin

A

Capsula extracelulara
Sistemul proteolitic
Invazia tisulara

32
Q

Cauze perturbare raspuns imun

A

POM

  1. Acumulari placa subggvala
  2. Factori organism - boli autoimune, modificari hormonale (graviditate)
  3. Factori de mediu - fumat, alimentatie
33
Q

Celule parodontale locale

A

Neutrofile
Mf
Fibroblaste
Keratinocite
Celule endoteliale
Osteoclaste
Monocite

34
Q

Molecule proinflamatorii

A

Citokine
Chemokine
Mediatori lipidici
Metaloproteinaze

35
Q

Interleukina 1beta secretata de

A

Monocite
Macrofage
Neutrofike
Alte celule locale

36
Q

Sinteza de Meproteinaze e crescuta de

A

IL1beta
TNF alfa
PGE2

37
Q

Tipuri Meproteinaze

A

Meproteinaza 1 = colagenaza 1 - produsa de fibroblaste
- rol homeostazie paro
Meproteinaza 8 si 9 - produsa in tesuturile paro inflamate de Neu
- rol distructie colagen tip 1 din ligamentul paro

38
Q

pe SD curate colonizeaza dupa streptococi

A
  1. Actinomycens
  2. Veilonella
  3. Eichenella corrodens
  4. Prevotella coeschei
  5. Capnocitophaga ochracea
39
Q

Rol sinteza polimeri extracelulari

A
  1. previne desicarea
  2. protectia B impotriva antimicrobienilor
  3. integritate structurala
  4. sursa E
40
Q

Produsi finali de metabolism bacterian

A
  1. S. mutans si Actinomycens - lactat si format
  2. Treponema denticola - acid succinic
  3. Campylobacter rectus - protothem
  4. Porphyromonas ggvalis - ac izobutiric
  5. Fusobacterium nucleatum - ac aspartic si ac glutamic
41
Q

Complex rosu

A
  1. Tannerela forsynthia
  2. Porphyromonas gingivalis
  3. Treponema denticola

pungi profunde
zone cu pierdere de atasament

42
Q

Complex portocaliu

A
  1. Campylobacter spp - C gracilis, rectus, showae
  2. Eubacterium nodatum
  3. Fusobacterium spp
  4. Peptostreptococcus micros - Parvimonas micra
  5. Prevotella intermedia
  6. Streptococcus constellatus

preced si favorizeaza colonizarea zonelor de catre complexul rosu

43
Q

Caracteristici Aa

A

cocobacil G-
non-motil
capnofil (CO2 pt crestere)
facultativ aerob
zaharolitic

44
Q

Caracteristici Pg

A

cocobacil G-
strict anaerob
formeaza colonii maro inchis-negre

45
Q

Degradarea structurilor P paro - peptide

A
  1. elastina
  2. colagen
  3. fibronectina
46
Q

Celule imune cu care interactioneaza LPZ

A
  1. macrofage
  2. monocite
  3. celule dendritice
  4. limfocite B
47
Q

Stimularea B continua - inflamatie cronica locala - caracteristici

A
  1. clearence inefcient Neu + nr exagerat de microorganisme subgingivale
  2. degradare/intarziere apoptoza Neu
  3. degranulare intra-tisulara - producere leziuini paro - daune colaterale
  4. supraproductie RL cu efect distructiv local prin activare continua
  5. supraproductie mediatori proinflamatorii - citokine - activare continua + intretinere si crestere inflamatie - distructie paro
  6. faza de rezolutie insuficienta
48
Q

tipuri de citokine

A

proinflamatorii
antiinflamatorii
1. interleukina 1B
2. factori de necroza tumorala alfa - TNF-alfa
3. PGE2
4. AINS
5. TIMP = inhibitori tisulari ai Meproteinazelor

49
Q

IL1-B secretata de

A
  1. monocite
  2. Neu
  3. Mf
  4. alte celule locale
50
Q

Efecte TNF-alfa

A
  1. creste activitate Neu
  2. creste sinteza Meproteinaze
  3. induce apoptoza fibroblastilor
  4. creste productia de IL1alfa si PGE2
  5. scade reparatia tisulara locala
  6. activeaza osteoclastele - resorbtie osoasa
51
Q

Efecte PGE2

A
  1. VD
  2. resorbtie osoasa osteoclastica
  3. creste sinteza de Meproteinaze
52
Q

Structuri cristaline tartru supragingival

A
  1. HA - 58%
  2. whitlockita
  3. fosfat ortocalcic
  4. brusita
53
Q

Componente materia alba

A
  1. resturi alimentare fine
  2. celule epiteliale descuamate
  3. microorganisme
  4. P salivare
  5. L
  6. Leu
54
Q

Stres oxidativ asociat cu:

A
  1. DZ
  2. afectare pulmonara
  3. boala paro
  4. cancer
  5. neurodegenerare

Paro Rezidentiat (7 decks)

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