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Physiology > Capillary Fluid > Flashcards

Capillary Fluid Flashcards

1
Q

Which arterioles do not have continuous muscular coat

A

Metarteriols

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2
Q

What is precapillary sphincter

A

Smooth muscle that encircles the capillary at the point where each capillary originated from a metarteriol

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3
Q

Venules

A

Larger than arterioles
Have a much weaker muscular coat
Pressure is lesser than arterioles
Site at which leukocytes leaves the circulation mostly
Can contract despite the weak muscle

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4
Q

Arterioles

A

Contains thick smooth muscle —> makes is strong
Resistant vessel of blood circulation
When dilates more blood will flow
Resistance is determined by neural and hormonal input

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5
Q

Blood flow equals to ?

A

Pressure difference / resistance

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6
Q

Capillary bed

A

No smooth muscle around the capillaries
No vasodilation
No vasoconstriction

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7
Q

Which hormones causes vasoconstriction on arterioles

A

Angiotensin 2
Vasopressin
Epinephrine

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8
Q

Three layers of blood vessels

A

Tunica interna
Tunica media
Tunica external

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9
Q

Which one has a thicker wall
-Arteries
-Veins

A

Arteries bc they have a thicker middle layer

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10
Q

Which one is larger in diameter
-veins
-arteries

A

Veins —> larger holding capacity

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11
Q

Which structures are seen in the wall of the capillary wall

A

Endothelial cells
Plasmalemmal vesicles
Vesicular channel
Intercellular cleft
Basement membrane

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12
Q

Role of intracellular clefts

A

Water, water soluble ions and small solutes diffuse between the interior and exterior of the capillaries through these slit-pores

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13
Q

Fenestrations are seen in which organs

A

Liver —> Sinusoids
Glomerular tufts of the kidney
Intestines
Pancreas

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14
Q

Why fenestrations doesn’t seen in brain

A

Blood-brain barrier

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15
Q

Vasomotion

A

Intermittent contraction of the met arterioles and precapillary sphincters

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16
Q

Diffusion results from

A

Thermal motion of the water molecules and dissolved substances in the fluid

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17
Q

Relation between molecular weight and permeability

A

As molecular weight increases permeability decreases

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18
Q

Two major types of solid structures that Intertitium contains

A

Collagen fiber bundles
Proteoglycan filaments —> hyaluronic acid, protein

19
Q

What is the major driving force for fluid tp entering to lymphatics

A

Interstitial pressure

20
Q

Filtration

A

Movement of molecules due to pressure force

21
Q

Fluid in the Intertitium is derived by

A

Filtration from the capillaries

22
Q

How does Dilating the arterioles effects the capillary hydrostatic pressure in that bed

A

Increases

23
Q

Increased capillary hydrostatic pressure causes

A

Increased filtration

24
Q

Capillary pressure

A

Against Interstitial fluid pressure
Forcing fluid to leave the blood side and enter to the interstitial fluid side

25
Q

Plasma colloid osmotic pressure caused by

A

Plasma proteins

26
Q

Decrease in plasma colloid osmotic pressure causes

A

Edema
Decrease in blood volume
Fluid is not absorbed into the bloodstream

27
Q

Plasma colloid pressure forces sluice movement from ?

A

From Interstitium into capillary blood

28
Q

At which end the capillary pressure is greater

A

At the arterial end it is greater than the venous end

29
Q

Four primary forces that determines fluid movement to the capillary membrane

A

Capillary pressure
Interstitial fluid pressure
Plasma colloid osmotic pressure
Interstitial fluid colloid osmotic pressure

30
Q

Gibbs Donnan effect

A

Behavior of charged particles across a semipermeable membrane

31
Q

Starling forces equation

A

Qf= kf( Capillary hydrostatic pressure + Intertitial fluid oncotic pressure) - ( Intertitial fluid hydrostatic pressure + Plasma oncotic pressure)

32
Q

What happens when the sum is positive

A

Net filtration from capillaries to interstitial tissue

33
Q

What happens when sum is negative

A

Net absorption from interstitial

34
Q

At which side of capillary absorption or filtration occurs

A

Artery end= Filtration
Venous end= Absorption

35
Q

Increase in pulmonary capillary pressure is related to

A

Left ventricular failure

36
Q

Rise in arterial or venous pressure results with

A

Increase in capillary hydrostatic pressure

37
Q

Increase in arteriolar resistance results with

A

Reduce in capillary pressure

38
Q

Congestive heart failure

A

Blood accumulation in the right atrium

39
Q

Lymphatics carry what from where

A

Carry proteins and large participate matter away from the tissue spaces

40
Q

The endothelial cells of the lymphatic capillaries attached to surrounding CT by

A

Anchoring filaments

41
Q

In where the composition of protein in the lymph increases

A

Liver
Intestine

42
Q

Lymphatic system is important in the absorption of

A

Fat from the digestive tract

43
Q

Functions of the lymph

A

Return of excess filtrated fluid
Return of filtrated protein
Defense against disease
Transport of absorbed fat

44
Q

Rate of the lymph flow is determined by two factors

A

The Intertitial fluid pressure
The degree of activity of the lymphatic pump

Physiology (3 decks)

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