Capacity, Coding, Duration= Nature Of Memory Flashcards
Define coding
Format info stored
Define capacity
Amount info held in memory store at given time
Define duration
Lengths of time info can be held in memory store
Nature of STM
CODING: Acoustic
CAPACITY: 5-9
DURATION: 18-30s
Nature of LTM
Coding= Semantic
Capacity= Unlimited
Duration= a lifetime
Who researched coding in STM + LTM?
Baddeley 1966
Which 2 researchers researched capacity of STM?
Jacobs 1887
Miller 1956
Who researched duration of STM
Peterson + Peterson 1956
Who researched the duration of LTM ?
Bahrick 1975
Describe Baddeleys study
AIM: STM+ LTM coding
PROCEDURE: words: cat, mat, hat
= accoustically dis/similar
Or semantically dis/similar
STM tested immediately
LTM tested 20 min after
FINDINGS: Accoustic sim= Worst
As sound same
Semant sim= bad as similar meaning
CONCLUSION: Acoust bad= STM
Semant = delayed recall= LTM
Describe Jacobs study
AIM: STM capacity
PROCEDURE: see dugit span. Repeat Nō in order.
FINDINGS: mean span of PPTS= 9.3 items
Letters= 7.3
CONCLUSION: Memory holds 7-9 items
Describe Millers Study
1887
AIM: STM capacity
PROCEDURE: come in 7s, used chunking
FINDINGS: can recall 5 words + 5 letters with chunking
CONCLUSIONS: used ‘magical Nō. 7’ to desc STM capacity
Describe Peterson and Petersons study
1956
AIM: STM duration
PROCEDURE: 24 students, 8 trials, given trigram or 3 digit Number- count backwards. Stopped 3 sec intervals
FINDINGS: STM lasts 18s
CONCLUSIONS: STM= Short duration unless rehearsed
Describe Bahrick’s Study
1975
AIM: LTM duration
PROCEDURE: 50 yearbook photos- real recall.
FINDINGS: 15years= 90% accuracy
60% free recall
48 years= 70% accuracy
30% free recall
CONCLUSIONS: LTM lasts a long time
