Cannabis

Question 1

Routes of admin

Answer 1

smoking, oral, dabbing

Question 2

Absorption

Answer 2

20-30% absorption from smoking, increased by holding breath

Question 3

Metabolism

Answer 3

1st pass metabolism with oral

Question 4

Metabolism enzymes

Answer 4

FAAH and MAGL

Question 5

2 primary metabolites

Answer 5

11-hydroxy-THC; THC-COOH

Question 6

Distribution

Answer 6

everywhere as it is highly lipophilic, flies across BBB

Question 7

Half-life

Answer 7

plasma is 2 hrs, other tissue is 25-30 hours, detectable for 1-3 weeks

Question 8

Hashish

Answer 8

processing of plant to yield dried resins

Question 9

Hash oil

Answer 9

boiled with solvent, THC as high as 60-70%

Question 10

Spice/K2

Answer 10

synthetic cannabinoids, much more powerful than THC

Question 11

Active agents

Answer 11

delta-9-THC, delta-8-THC, cannabidiol, active metabolites

Question 12

4 stages of intoxication

Answer 12

buzz, high, stoned, come-down

Question 13

Cognitive deficits

Answer 13

decrease in attention, episodic and working memory, deficits in motor tasks

Question 14

Psychotomimetic high-dose effects

Answer 14

pseudo-hallucinations, synesthesia, paranoia, agitation, disorganized thoughts, confusion

Question 15

Executive function high-dose effects

Answer 15

increased impulsivity, impaired judgment, slower, RT, pronounced motor deficits

Question 16

Reinforcing

Answer 16

squirrel monkey self-administration; VTA activation by GABAergic disinhibition

Question 17

Cannabinoid receptors and 3 effects

Answer 17

metabotropic; inhibit cAMP, VGCC, activate K+ opening

Question 18

CB1 receptors

Answer 18

heavy in brain, also expressed in PNS

Question 19

CB2 receptors

Answer 19

in microglia and neurons in brain, but mostly in periphery and immune system

Question 20

Endocannabinoids

Answer 20

anandamide and 2-AG

Question 21

Anandamide

Answer 21

particle CB1 agonist

Question 22

2-AG

Answer 22

full agonist at CB1 and CB2

Question 23

3 types of signaling

Answer 23

retrograde signaling, non-retrograde signaling, neuron-astrocyte signaling

Question 24

Endocannabinoids regulate

Answer 24

analgesia, hunger, fear extinction

Question 25

THC mechanism of action

Answer 25

partial CB1 agonist

Question 26

Rimonabant

Answer 26

selective CB1 antagonist used to study receptor function

Question 27

CB1 receptor impact

Answer 27

agonist increases memory impairment

Question 28

CBD

Answer 28

negative allosteric modulator of CB1 receptors, enhances activity of endocannabinoid system

Question 29

Cannabis use disorder

Answer 29

downregulation of CBrs

Question 30

Long-term effects

Answer 30

DA and GLU receptors are permanently downregulated, CB1 receptors are downregulated but reach normal levels after abstinence

Question 31

Serious effects

Answer 31

kills cultured hippocampal cells, lower gray matter volume, reduced PFC dendritic length

Question 32

Gateway drug and common liability model

Answer 32

sequencing plus development of disorder and comorbidities

Question 33

Marinol

Answer 33

pure synthetic THC, increases appetite and reduces nausea

Question 34

Cesamet

Answer 34

pure synthetic THC, increases appetite and reduces nausea

Question 35

Sativex

Answer 35

contains both THC and CBD, neuropathic pain, muscle spasticity in MS

Question 36

Epidiolex

Answer 36

CBD only extract that reduces seizures in pediatric epilepsy