Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

FSC371 > Cannabinoid Receptors > Flashcards

Cannabinoid Receptors Flashcards

1
Q

Outline the steps taken and understanding the endocannabinoid system

A

Cannabinoid receptor discovery
Synthesis of specific agonists and antagonists
Discovery of the Endo cannabinoid system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

True or false: cannabinoids are highly hydrophilic

A

False, they are highly lipophilic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How were cannabinoids first thought to exert their effects?

A

By disrupting the cell membrane in a non-specific manner

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What were the two major findings related to the mechanism of cannabinoid action?

A

Cannabinoids act via G proteins
And the discovery of high affinity binding sites for cannabinoid molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

When was Delta nine THC identified as the primary psychoactive component of cannabis?

A

1964

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

When was the CB1 receptor identified?

A

1988

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When was the CB1 receptor cloned from a rat?

A

1990

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

When was the CB1 receptor cloned from a human?

A

1991

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

When was the CB2 receptor identified?

A

1993

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are CB1 receptors located throughout the body? (Six)))

A

Brain
Liver
Reproductive system
Cardiovascular system
Skeletal muscle muscles
G.I. tract

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Give examples of CB1 receptor function in the brain

A

Learning, memory, cognition
Motor control
Anxiety and depression
Appetite and food intake
Reward and addiction
Neuro protection
Neural development
Sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Give examples of CB1 receptor function in the liver

A

Ascites formation
Lipogenesis
Fibrosis
Insulin resistance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give examples of CB1 receptor function in the reproductive system

A

Fertility regulation, embryo implantation
Embryonic development

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give example examples of CB1 receptor function in the cardiovascular system

A

Negative inotropy
Vasodilation
Cardiac function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Give example examples of CB1 receptor function in skeletal muscle

A

Energy metabolism
Muscle fibre formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Give examples of CB1 receptor function in the G.I. tract

A

G.I. motility
Enteroendocrine function
Intestinal barrier function
Energy balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Give examples of other CB1 receptor functions

A

Nociception
Immune modulation
Nausea and emesis
Intraocular pressure
Bone remodelling
Bronchodilation
Cancer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Is there a high or low concentration of cannabinoid receptors in the brain stem?

A

Low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is a possible explanation as to why cannabis use is not associated with sudden death due to respiratory depression?

A

Due to the low concentration of receptors in the brain stem

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What cannabinoid receptor is found predominantly in the central nervous system?

A

CB1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where do CB2 receptors occur?

A

Immune system and other tissues, such as bone, adipose cells, and the G.I. tract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are some of the most abundant G protein linked receptors in the brain?

A

CB1 receptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What does the localization of CB1 receptors mode of action suggest?

A

Primary function of these receptors might be to inhibit neurotransmitter release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What three things does CB1 receptor activation lead to and what is the overall effect of this?

A

Inhibition of cAMP
Inhibition of voltaGE sensitive calcium channels
Activation of potassium channel opening
These signalling events combined to exert a powerful inhibitory effect on neurotransmitter release

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What neurotransmitters does the C1 receptor inhibit? (6)
Acetylcholine Dopamine Norepinephrine Serotonin GABA Glutamate
26
What did the identification of CB receptors initiate?
Research for endogenous cannabinoid ligands
27
When was the first endocannabinoid identified and what was it?
1992 N-arachidonylethanolamine (anandamide)
28
When was the second endocannabinoid identified and what was it?
1995 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG)
29
What is the Sanskrit meaning for Anandamine?
Internal bliss
30
How do 2-AG and anandamide act at CB1 and CB2 receptors
2-AG is a full agonist and anandamide is a partial agonist
31
What is the probable mechanism for removing endocannabinoids from the extracellular fluid?
Probably removed by a membrane transporter
32
How is anandamide metabolized?
By fatty acid amine Hydrolase [FAAH))
33
How is 2-AG metabolized?
By monoacyl-glycerol Lipase[MAGL)
34
How does the Endo cannabinoid system differ from other bodily systems in terms of our knowledge?
It is the most complicated and most abundant signalling system in our bodies that most people know nothing about
35
True or false the cannabinoid system performs the same tasks in each tissue
False, the system performs different tasks in each tissue
36
What is the goal of the endocannabinoid system?
To maintain homeostasis despite fluctuations in the external environment
37
What is homeostasis?
The ability to maintain stable internal conditions that are necessary for survival
38
Et
39
40
Give two examples of roles of the endocannabinoid system in the brain.
Synaptogenesis Synaptic pruning
41
Give examples of some triggers the endocannabinoid system responds to. (5)
Singing Dancing Exercise Stress Time of day
42
Give examples of responses produced by the endocannabinoid system in (3)
Appetite Coping with stress and anxiety Pain relief
43
44
Give 2 examples as to why the endocannabinoid system is called “clever”
Learns from stress AIDS in formation of helpful memories while preventing formation of harmful memories
45
Compare endocannabinoids with THC. (4)
ECs work right place right time, THC has multiple effects at once ECs are precise, THC not ECs are responsive, THC is not ECs are tightly controlled, THC down regulates the EC system
46
What are the three key components of the EC system?
Cannabinoid receptors Endocannabinoids Metabolic enzymes
47
Give examples of pathways regulated by the EC system (9)
Gastrointestinal activity Cardiovascular activity Pain perception Maintenance of bone mass Protection of neurons Hormonal regulation, metabolism control Immune function Inflammatory reaction Inhibition of tumours
48
What is a main feature that distinguishes them from other neuromodulators/neurotransmitters?
They are not synthesized in advance and stored in vesicles
49
Describe the “on-demand” synthesis of ECs.
ECs have precursors that are cleaved by specific enzymes
50
What is Rimonabant?
CB1 receptor antagonist An anti-obesity drug approved Igor use in Europe in 2006 Suppresses appetite and reduces cravings for sweet foods But induces symptoms of anxiety and depression
51
Eupho
52
Give examples of subjective effects of cannabinoids (4)
Euphoria Exhilaration Disinhibition Relaxation
53
Give examples of sensory reactions to cannabinoids (4)
Floating sensations Enhanced visual and auditory perception Visual illusions Slowing of time passage
54
Give examples of physiological effects of cannabinoids (3)
Increased blood flow to skin and flushing Increased heart rate Increased hunger
55
What are cannabis effects mediated by (at least partially) and what happens to effects after pretreatment with rimonabrant?
CB1 receptor Effects significantly reduced
56
57
What happens in terms of pain regulation in CB1 and CB2 knockout mice or mice treated with rimonabrant?
Have hyperalgesia (greater pain sensitivity)
58
How do CB1 and CB2 receptors contribute to pain regulation?
Regulate both pain perception and cognitive-affective responses to pain
59
Why might the EC system be a prime target for new therapeutic approaches to neuropathic pain, as opppsed to opioids?
Neuropathic pain is produced within the nervous system itself, not in direct response to a nociceptive stimulus Opioid drugs are ineffective for this type of pain
60
Describe the EC system as it relates to aggression.
Low dose THC shown to reduce the frequency of attacks by resident animals in a dose-dependent manner
61
Describe animal studies regarding violence and cannabinoids
Low dose THC shown to reduce the frequency of attacks by resident animals in a dose-de

FSC371 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions