Canine Presentative Health Programs Flashcards
Canine Life Cycle
4
Canine (puppy)
birth 6-9 months
end of rapid growth
Canine (young adult)
9 months: 3-4 years
completion of physical and social maturation
Canine ( mature adult)
4 years- beginning of 25% of estimated lifespan
breed and size dependent
Canine ( Senior)
Last 25% of estimated lifespan- End of life
puppy visit
- initials visit should be between 6-8 weeks
- exam for congenital abnormalities
- parasite check & control/prevention
flea & heartworm medication - vaccines
- owner education ( parasites, husbandry, behavior, training, nutrition, spay/ neuter, exercise, shelter, toxic items)
- then puppy will visit every 3-4 weeks until 16 weeks of age
passive immunity (short- lived)
maternal antibodies from colostrum ingested within first 24 hrs
Active immunity
vaccination (puppies and kittens: every 3-4 weeks until 16 week)
Adult visits
- should be done at least every 12 months
- preventive maintenance care (heartworm, intestinal parasite, & flea prevention
- update history
- vaccination review & update (updated every 3 or year)
- nutrition & weight managements
- dental health
- screening test ( allergies, thyroid, Cushing’s, etc.)
Senior visits
- ideal to do every 6 months
- overall examination
- blood work to check organ function
- urinalysis to check kidneys
- ultrasound- check for internal masses
- continue health preventative vaccines ( 3 year schedule)
noninfectious vaccines (whole killed pathogens or subunits)
Advantage: unable to cause the disease
Disadvantages: antigen may be inadequate ( requires addition of adjuvants as boost) possible hypersensitivity and local inflammation
Infectious Vaccines (pathogens altered so as not to cause disease but still infect host cells to stimulate immunity )
Advantage: stimulate immunity more naturally and efficaciously
Disadvantage: some types can cause the disease
Vaccine use ( storage)
- manufacturer’s directions
- may need refrigeration
vaccine use ( reconstitution of lyophilized powders)
- use diluent provided by manufacturer’s
- proper amount of diluent
- mix gently
Administration
- administer within 1 hour
- check label for administration instructions
- Quantity
- SQ, IM, IN, PO
Adverse reactions
- always warn your clients that reactions can occur
- clients/ staff should closely monitor patients for at least 30 minutes after a new vaccine is given
- most reactions include local inflammation, pain, possible swelling and hives
- severe reactions can include anaphylactic shock and vaccine induced sarcomas ( lower limbs)
- always mark which vaccine was given where in chart
- if reactions occurs, you can pre-med w/ diphenhydramine
Core ( necessary for all animals)
- rabies
- canine distemper virus (CDV)
- Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV_2)
- canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV- 2)
- +/- canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV)
Noncore ( elective may not be necessary for all animals)
- leptospirosis
- Bordetella bronchiseptica
- Lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi)
- canine influenza
- rattlesnake toxoid
Vaccine Schedule (Core)
- 6-8 wks DAP+
- 10-12 wks DAP+
- 14-16 wks DAP+ (prefer giving final vaccine at 16wks or later) , Rabies ( may be given earlier if required by law)
- annual & 3 yr rabies (starting one yr after initial series)
Vaccine ( noncore)
- 6-8wks Bordetella, parainfluenza
- 10-12wks Leptospirosis, Lyme, Canine influenza
- 14-16wks Leptospirosis, Lyme, Canine influenza
- annual & 3 yr Leptospirosis, Lyme, Canine influenza, Bordetella
Rabies Vaccines
- core
- caused by rhabdo virus; neurological symptom
- killed vaccine
- required by law in many regions, rabies tag & certificate will be given as proof
- status of vaccine will determine effects after a bite ( quarantine, home quarantine, euthanization)
Distemper vaccine
- core
- caused by paramyxovirus: neurological & respiratory
- common in young dogs in crowded situations
- modified live vaccines
- usually in a combined vaccine such as DHPP or DA2PP
Distemper Vaccine ( series)
- start at 6-8 wks
- booster q3-4 wks
- last dose btw 14-16 wks
revaccinate one year after initial series
Adenovirus vaccine
- core vaccine
- modified live vaccine
- adenovirus- type 2: one of the causes of kennel cough. also related to CAV- 1 (canine hepatitis)
- often combined w/ canine distemper, canine parvovirus, canine parainfluenza to create DHPP or DA2PP