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Intro. to Veterinary Technology Final Exam > Canine Presentative Health Programs > Flashcards

Canine Presentative Health Programs Flashcards

1
Q

Canine Life Cycle

A

4

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2
Q

Canine (puppy)

A

birth 6-9 months
end of rapid growth

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3
Q

Canine (young adult)

A

9 months: 3-4 years
completion of physical and social maturation

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4
Q

Canine ( mature adult)

A

4 years- beginning of 25% of estimated lifespan
breed and size dependent

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5
Q

Canine ( Senior)

A

Last 25% of estimated lifespan- End of life

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6
Q

puppy visit

A
  • initials visit should be between 6-8 weeks
  • exam for congenital abnormalities
  • parasite check & control/prevention
    flea & heartworm medication
  • vaccines
  • owner education ( parasites, husbandry, behavior, training, nutrition, spay/ neuter, exercise, shelter, toxic items)
  • then puppy will visit every 3-4 weeks until 16 weeks of age
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7
Q

passive immunity (short- lived)

A

maternal antibodies from colostrum ingested within first 24 hrs

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8
Q

Active immunity

A

vaccination (puppies and kittens: every 3-4 weeks until 16 week)

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9
Q

Adult visits

A
  • should be done at least every 12 months
  • preventive maintenance care (heartworm, intestinal parasite, & flea prevention
  • update history
  • vaccination review & update (updated every 3 or year)
  • nutrition & weight managements
  • dental health
  • screening test ( allergies, thyroid, Cushing’s, etc.)
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10
Q

Senior visits

A
  • ideal to do every 6 months
  • overall examination
  • blood work to check organ function
  • urinalysis to check kidneys
  • ultrasound- check for internal masses
  • continue health preventative vaccines ( 3 year schedule)
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11
Q

noninfectious vaccines (whole killed pathogens or subunits)

A

Advantage: unable to cause the disease
Disadvantages: antigen may be inadequate ( requires addition of adjuvants as boost) possible hypersensitivity and local inflammation

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12
Q

Infectious Vaccines (pathogens altered so as not to cause disease but still infect host cells to stimulate immunity )

A

Advantage: stimulate immunity more naturally and efficaciously
Disadvantage: some types can cause the disease

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13
Q

Vaccine use ( storage)

A
  • manufacturer’s directions
  • may need refrigeration
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14
Q

vaccine use ( reconstitution of lyophilized powders)

A
  • use diluent provided by manufacturer’s
  • proper amount of diluent
  • mix gently
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15
Q

Administration

A
  • administer within 1 hour
  • check label for administration instructions
  • Quantity
  • SQ, IM, IN, PO
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16
Q

Adverse reactions

A
  • always warn your clients that reactions can occur
  • clients/ staff should closely monitor patients for at least 30 minutes after a new vaccine is given
  • most reactions include local inflammation, pain, possible swelling and hives
  • severe reactions can include anaphylactic shock and vaccine induced sarcomas ( lower limbs)
  • always mark which vaccine was given where in chart
  • if reactions occurs, you can pre-med w/ diphenhydramine
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17
Q

Core ( necessary for all animals)

A
  • rabies
  • canine distemper virus (CDV)
  • Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV_2)
  • canine parvovirus type 2 (CPV- 2)
  • +/- canine parainfluenza virus (CPiV)
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18
Q

Noncore ( elective may not be necessary for all animals)

A
  • leptospirosis
  • Bordetella bronchiseptica
  • Lyme disease (borrelia burgdorferi)
  • canine influenza
  • rattlesnake toxoid
19
Q

Vaccine Schedule (Core)

A
  • 6-8 wks DAP+
  • 10-12 wks DAP+
  • 14-16 wks DAP+ (prefer giving final vaccine at 16wks or later) , Rabies ( may be given earlier if required by law)
  • annual & 3 yr rabies (starting one yr after initial series)
20
Q

Vaccine ( noncore)

A
  • 6-8wks Bordetella, parainfluenza
  • 10-12wks Leptospirosis, Lyme, Canine influenza
  • 14-16wks Leptospirosis, Lyme, Canine influenza
  • annual & 3 yr Leptospirosis, Lyme, Canine influenza, Bordetella
21
Q

Rabies Vaccines

A
  • core
  • caused by rhabdo virus; neurological symptom
  • killed vaccine
  • required by law in many regions, rabies tag & certificate will be given as proof
  • status of vaccine will determine effects after a bite ( quarantine, home quarantine, euthanization)
22
Q

Distemper vaccine

A
  • core
  • caused by paramyxovirus: neurological & respiratory
  • common in young dogs in crowded situations
  • modified live vaccines
  • usually in a combined vaccine such as DHPP or DA2PP
23
Q

Distemper Vaccine ( series)

A
  • start at 6-8 wks
  • booster q3-4 wks
  • last dose btw 14-16 wks
    revaccinate one year after initial series
24
Q

Adenovirus vaccine

A
  • core vaccine
  • modified live vaccine
  • adenovirus- type 2: one of the causes of kennel cough. also related to CAV- 1 (canine hepatitis)
  • often combined w/ canine distemper, canine parvovirus, canine parainfluenza to create DHPP or DA2PP
25
Q

Adenovirus Vaccine (series)

A
  • starts btw 6-8 wks
  • booster q3-4 wks
  • last dose at 14-16 wks
26
Q

canine parvovirus

A
  • core vaccine
  • modified live vaccine
  • treatment can be expensive
  • is a serious highly contagious disease: bloody diarrhea, vomiting, lethargy, dehydration
  • Dobermans, rottweilers, and Pitbull have an increased in incidence to parvo
27
Q

Canine Parvovirus (series)

A
  • starts 6-8wks
  • booster q3-4 wks
  • last dose between 14-16 wks
  • revaccinate one year after initial series
28
Q

Canine Parainfluenza

A
  • noncore
  • modified live vaccines
  • part of kennel cough complex: causes respiratory symptoms that are highly transmissible
29
Q

Leptospirosis Vaccine

A
  • noncore
  • adverse reactions are more commonly seen with this vaccine (smaller dogs)
  • endemic areas w/ lakes, rivers, rain, or hunting animals may be recommended (has become popular in suburban areas)
  • is spread through infected urine (usually puddles that dogs drink from)
  • zoonotic disease
30
Q

Leptospirosis vaccine (series)

A
  • first does at 8 wks
  • booster 2-4 wks later
  • revaccinate annually
31
Q

Bordetella bronchiseptica vaccine

A
  • noncore
  • kennel cough complex: respiratory symptoms (honking cough)
32
Q

Bordetella (live avirulent bacteria) + Parainfluenza (IN administration)

A
  • single dose as early as 3 weeks of age. possible booster in 2-4 wks
    -revaccinate annually or more often
33
Q

Bordetella bronciseptica (PO administration)

A
  • first dose at 8 weeks possible booster 2-4 wks later
  • revaccinate annually
34
Q

Bodertalla bronchiseptica (SQ administration)

A
  • first dose at 8 wks. possible booster 2-4 wks later
  • revaccinate annually
  • not accepted at all facilities- used mostly for aggressive canines
35
Q

Lyme disease

A
  • bacteria spread by ticks- dependent on dog’s lifestyle
  • initial dose may be given at 8 wks of age or older. repeat dose 2 to 4 wks
  • revaccinate yearly
36
Q

Canine influenza

A
  • bacteria spread by respiratory fluid droplets
  • vaccine effective against virus strains H3N2 and H3NB
  • initial dose may be given at 8 wks of age or older. repeat dose 2 to 4 wks later
  • revaccinate yearly (check w/ vet)
37
Q

Rattlesnake Toxoid

A
  • 2 doses are recommended spaced 1 month apart w/ annual booster given in the spring or approximately 1 month prior to taking the dogs into rattlesnake habit
  • polyvalent antivenin therapy is an alternative to vaccination
  • vets choosing this toxoid should be aware of lack peereviewed published data
38
Q

Heartworm Tests

A
  • completed at patients first annual visit- about 1 yr of age
  • some vets may use “microfilaria check”, should not be a sole diagnostic test
  • transmitted by mosquitos
  • only prevention is heartworm prevention
  • expensive to treat, especially for large dogs
39
Q

Heartworm prevention

A
  • trifexis sentinel
  • heartguard
  • simparico trio
  • tri- heart plus
  • pro-heart (injection last 1 yr)
40
Q

Intestinal parasites

A
  • fecal test
  • positive: treat current infection, then place on preventative
  • most preventatives are included in heartworm preventative
41
Q

types of intestinal parasites

A
  • roundworms
  • hookworms
  • whipworms
  • tapeworms (from fleas)
  • coccidia (protozoa)
42
Q

Flea & Tick Prevention

A
  • patients should always be checked thoroughly for fleas and ticks
  • fleas like to stay on back near the base of tail and the abdomen. check for live fleas and flea dirt
  • most preventative is tied w/ heartworm prevention, there are some that only focus on fleas ticks
43
Q

Flea & Tick prevention

A
  • Bravecto
  • credilio
  • nexgard
  • seresto
  • frontline
  • comfortis

Intro. to Veterinary Technology Final Exam (12 decks)

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