Canine Ethology

Question 1

What is the main focus of Lesson 6 in CPDT‐KA Fundamentals?

Answer 1

Canine Ethology, covering domestication, development, social structure, and communication systems

Question 2

What has changed regarding the domestication timeline of dogs?

Answer 2

Previously thought to be 5,000 years, now known to be over 12,000 years based on archaeological evidence

Question 3

What does mitochondrial DNA indicate about the domestic dog?

Answer 3

Dates to just over 100,000 years ago, but doesn’t match physical evidence

Question 4

When did the transition from ancestral wolves to proto-dogs begin?

Answer 4

Between 20,000 and 30,000 years ago

Question 5

What is the significance of the Gobekli Tepe site?

Answer 5

It has the oldest evidence of domestication, suggesting dogs were the first non-human animals domesticated

Question 6

What is the self-domestication theory?

Answer 6

Suggests tamer wolves scavenged near human settlements, leading to the evolution of proto-dogs

Question 7

What did Dmitry Belyaev’s selective breeding program demonstrate?

Answer 7

Tame foxes exhibited behavioral and physical changes indicative of domestication

Question 8

What are key differences between modern wolves and dogs?

Answer 8

Dogs are neotenous, have smaller skulls, rounder faces, larger eyes, and play throughout life

Question 9

What is the neonatal stage in puppy development?

Answer 9

Occurs from birth to about two weeks, where puppies’ eyes and ears are closed

Question 10

What happens during the first socialization stage of puppies?

Answer 10

Puppies are weaned and learn important social skills from their mother and littermates

Question 11

What is the duration of the second socialization stage?

Answer 11

Lasts from about 8 weeks to 14-16 weeks of age

Question 12

Fill in the blank: Socialization functions on _______ learning.

Answer 12

classical

Question 13

What can cause developmental hiccups in puppies?

Answer 13

Inappropriate experiences with other dogs, illness, use of aversives, lack of proactive training

Question 14

True or False: The American Timber Wolf shares DNA with domestic dogs.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What is a common misconception about dog parks for puppy socialization?

Answer 15

That they are always safe and beneficial for socialization

Question 16

What is a potential result of illness during the socialization stage?

Answer 16

Isolation from the outside world, leading to difficulties in new environments

Question 17

How can a lack of consistency in training affect a puppy?

Answer 17

Can lead to confusion and impulsive behavior

Question 18

What is the importance of the socialization process in puppies?

Answer 18

Sets them up for success or failure in later life

Question 19

Fill in the blank: Dogs have a more _______ communication system than wolves.

Answer 19

sophisticated

Question 20

What is the role of the mother during the weaning process?

Answer 20

Teaches puppies important social skills through gentle corrections

Question 21

What happens if a puppy has a negative experience during socialization?

Answer 21

They may develop fear or reactive behaviors towards certain stimuli

Question 22

What is the impact of using aversives during socialization?

Answer 22

Can make dogs view the world as confrontational

Question 23

What is the significance of the ‘fear impact period’ in puppies?

Answer 23

Puppies are particularly sensitive to scary things during this phase

Question 24

What can be staved off with proper training from the beginning?

Answer 24

Misidentification of fear impact periods and social stunting

Proper training helps manage a dog’s fear responses and social behaviors.

Question 25

What happens if there is a lack of consistency in dog training?

Answer 25

It results in a confused dog who gives up ## Footnote Consistency is key in dog training to ensure understanding and compliance.

Question 26

What is the true definition of dominance in dogs?

Answer 26

To have priority access to resources ## Footnote Dominance is not a personality type but a context-dependent relationship regarding resource access.

Question 27

What should be discussed instead of dominance in dog training?

Answer 27

Deference, sharing, resource guarding, apathy, bullying, shyness ## Footnote These concepts reflect the more nuanced social interactions of dogs.

Question 28

What role do humans play in the social structure of dogs?

Answer 28

Humans act as parents, siblings, and providers ## Footnote This role is shaped by the domestication process and the dog's ability to communicate with humans.

Question 29

What are the three main categories of dog communication signals?

Answer 29

Distance increasing signals, distance decreasing signals, stress signals ## Footnote Understanding these categories helps in interpreting a dog's behavior.

Question 30

Define distance increasing signals.

Answer 30

Signals that indicate 'I want to get away or I want you to go away' ## Footnote Includes behaviors like barking, lunging, and looking away.

Question 31

Define distance decreasing signals.

Answer 31

Signals that indicate 'Come hither. Play with me. Pet me. I am your friend.' ## Footnote Includes loose body language and play bows.

Question 32

What are stress signals in dogs?

Answer 32

Signals that hint at negative internal states, such as fear or discomfort ## Footnote Examples include yawning, lip licking, and heavy panting.

Question 33

What is the significance of 'whale eyes' in dogs?

Answer 33

Indicates stress or resource guarding ## Footnote This behavior shows the whites of the eyes and can signal potential aggression.

Question 34

What does a relaxed dog look like?

Answer 34

Mouth open loosely, tongue lolling, soft eyes ## Footnote Indicates a calm and content state.

Question 35

What are mixed signals in dog body language?

Answer 35

Conflicting signals that can indicate uncertainty or fear ## Footnote Example: A dog barking with a tense body weight shifted back may be conflicted.

Question 36

What can humans do to ease a dog's fear?

Answer 36

Mimic dog signals by using loose body language and avoiding direct eye contact ## Footnote This can help communicate non-threatening intentions.

Question 37

What impact does poor socialization have on dogs?

Answer 37

Dogs may fail to learn proper communication and social cues ## Footnote This can lead to misunderstandings and aggressive encounters.

Question 38

How do physical traits like docked tails affect dog communication?

Answer 38

They remove an entire vocabulary set from the dog's repertoire ## Footnote Docked tails limit expressions of alertness and emotional states.

Question 39

What is an agnostic pucker in dogs?

Answer 39

A behavior where lips are pursed tight, signaling possible aggression ## Footnote This can indicate discomfort or a threat response.

Question 40

What is a submissive grin in dogs?

Answer 40

A sign of stress where the mouth is held open and the forehead is wrinkled ## Footnote This expression often occurs when a dog is anxious or trying to appease.

Question 41

What should trainers do to understand dog body language better?

Answer 41

Spend time observing dogs and describing their behaviors in detail ## Footnote This helps in accurately interpreting various signals.

Question 42

What is the importance of Lili Chin's illustrations?

Answer 42

They effectively combine various dog signals into a comprehensive understanding ## Footnote Useful for both trainers and dog owners to decode body language.

Question 43

What does a play bow look like?

Answer 43

The dog's rear is in the air, the elbows are on the ground, and the body is loose, possibly with a tail wag. ## Footnote A play bow is a common canine behavior indicating a playful state.

Question 44

What do hard eyes indicate about a dog's emotional state?

Answer 44

Hard eyes are a sign of tension or aggression in a dog. ## Footnote Hard eyes can be characterized by a fixed gaze and a lack of softness in the expression.

Question 45

What does a distance increasing signal look like?

Answer 45

A distance increasing signal can include behaviors like backing away, turning away, or showing avoidance. ## Footnote These signals indicate that a dog wants to create space or avoid confrontation.

Question 46

What is the purpose of the quiz mentioned in the lesson?

Answer 46

To give you an idea of where you stand with canine ethology and to provide focus for your studies. ## Footnote Quizzes are useful for self-assessment and determining areas needing improvement.

Question 47

What is the format of the final exam?

Answer 47

100 multiple choice questions to be completed in 90 minutes. ## Footnote The final exam assesses knowledge gained throughout the course.

Question 48

Is there an optional practice exam available?

Answer 48

Yes, there is an optional practice exam that can be taken before or after the final exam. ## Footnote This allows for additional preparation and confidence building.

Question 49

What is recommended after taking the quiz?

Answer 49

Take some time to review your notes. ## Footnote Reviewing notes helps reinforce learning and aids in retention of information.

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