Canine And Feline Anatomy Flashcards
Cardiovascular System
Circulates blood throughout the body
Digestive System
Organs designed to breakdown food
Endocrine System
Group of glands the excreted hormones to regulate body processes
Excretory System
System which removes waste from the body
Immune System
Organs and cells designed to protect the body against infectious agents
Integumentary System
The covering that protects animals
Muscular System
Organ system composed of muscles to allow movement
Nervous System
Cells, tissues, and organs that respond to stimuli
Reproductive System
Organs responsible for producing offspring
Respiratory System
Organs that carry out the exchange of gases in the body
Skeletal System
Framework of bones that protect and support the body
Long Bone
Found in the limbs
Short Bone
Found in the wrist and ankles
Irregular Bone
Found in the vertebral column and skull
Sesamoid Bones
Found in locations where tendons pass over joints
Axial Skeleton
Bones of the head and trunk
Appendicular Skeleton
Bones of the limbs
Visceral Skeleton
Bones that form part of an organ
Canine Skeleton
319 bones
Feline Skeleton
230 bones
Upper GI Tract
Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, and stomach
Lower GI Tract
Small intestine, large intestine, and anus
Pancreas
Secretes digestive enzymes
Liver
Produces bile; makes protein and bio chemicals; filters the blood
Gallbladder
Stores bile for release into the small intestine
Deoxygenated Blood
Enter through the Superior Vena Cava and enters the lungs through the Pulmonary artery
Capillaries
Site of exchange for water, oxygen, salts, and carbon dioxide
Vagina
Site of semen deposits during sexual reproduction
Ovaries
Predominately produce estrogen and progesterone
Scrotum
Temperature regulator for the testicles
Epididymides
Store sperm for ejaculation; connect testicles to the Vas Deferns
Vas Deferns
Connects epididymides to the uretha
Baculum
Bone that supports the penis in non-placental mammals
Testicles
Produce testosterone
Thyroid
Regulates rate of energy consumption and metabolism
Parathyroid
Regulates calcium levels in the body
Aldosterone
Regulates salt and water balance
Cortisol
Controls carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism
Urinary System
Kidneys, bladder, and urethra
Temperature Regulation
Panting to bring in cool air
Sphincter Muscle
Allows for the control of the excretion of solid waste
Small Intestine
Duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
Colon
Extracts water from feces
Flat Bone
Found in the pelvis and head
Excretory System includes…
Urinary System and liver
Pituitary Gland
Located on the underside of the brain.
Produces hormones to respond to bodily needs.
Adrenal Glands
Located on top of kidneys.
Releases hormones in response to stress/excitement.
Mammary Glands
Produces milk for offspring.
Composed of connective tissue it provide support and structure.
Uterus
The site of implantation of fertilized eggs and fetal development.
Blood Vessels
Transports blood from the heart throughout the body and back to the heart.
Arteries
Vessels which carry oxygenated blood away from the heart.
Veins
Vessels which carry deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Pharynx
Located in the throat.
Allows the passage of food and oxygen.
Directs food to the esophagus.
Esophagus
Lies between the pharynx and stomach.
Allows for the passage of food from mouth to stomach.
Stomach
Acts as storage for food.
Secretes acid for chemical digestion.
Connected to the esophagus and small intestine.
Gastrointestinal Tract
Another name for the upper and lower sections of the digestive system.
Tendon
Tissue which serves to connect muscle to bone.
Bile
Bitter liquid which aids in digestion and absorption.
Anus
Excretes feces
Cecum
Aids enzymes in the breakdown of molecules into useable nutrients for the body.
Rectum
Temporarily stores feces for excretion.
Kidneys
Filter blood to form and excrete urine.
Bladder
Hollow, muscular organ which stores urine.
Urethra
Excretes urine from the body.
Enzymes
Proteins produced by living organism causing or speeding up chemical reactions
Bile salt
Chemicals that aid in digestion by making vitamins easier to digest
Duodenum
Connects the stomach to the jejunum. Almost all chemical digestion occurs here
Jejunum
Connects the duodenum to the ileum. Carbohydrate and protein absorption occurs here
Ileum
Vitamin b12, bile salts, water, and other product absorption occurs here
