Cancer Quiz 3/2/15 Flashcards
Cancer invading the bone marrow can cause which affects?
- Decreased RBCs
- pathologic fractures
- thrombocytopenia
Which type of cancer puts patients at greatest risk for infection?
Leukemia
Which statement about gastrointestinal functioning cancer are true?
- Tumors may increase the metabolic rate
2. the liver is a common sight of cancer metastasis
Which common hematologic conditions result from cancer made in the bone marrow?
Anemia and thrombocytopenia
A patient asked the nurse why untreated cancers cause gastrointestinal problems. Which responses are appropriate?
- A tumor in the bow can decrease your ability to absorb necessary nutrients
- it stops absorption of necessary fat and protein enzymes
- tumors my increased metabolic needs what you are unable to meet
Which factors determine the type of therapy for cancer
- Type and location of cancer
- overall health of patient
- whether the cancer has metastasized
- family history and genetics
Which examples illustrate appropriate prophylactic cancer surgery?
- Excision of lesion’s shown on biopsy to be precancerous
2. Removal of tissue which may predispose cancer development due to family history
What is the purpose of cytoreductive surgery for cancer?
Cancer control by reducing the size of the tumor
Palliative surgery may be performed for which reason reason?
Relieving pain and relieving in obstruction
For what purposes make cancer survivors need reconstructive surgery?
- Breast reconstruction
- Revision of scars and release of contractures
- Bowel reconstruction
What is the meaning of the inverse square law for radiation exposure?
The further away a person is from a radiation source the last radiation is absorbed
Which factors are used to terminal cancer patients absorbs radiation dose?
- Intensity of radiation exposure
- proximity of radiation source of cells
- duration of exposure
Which statement about stereotactic body radiotherapy are true?
- The greater number of normal cells are spared
- three-dimensional to my imaging is used
- Hi radiation doses maybe use
Was a therapeutic dose of radiation fractionated for cancer treatment?
to ensure a higher cancer cell kill with less damage than normal cells
At what point is a patient radioactive when receiving radiation treatment by telly therapy and therefore a potential danger to other people?
The patient is never radioactive
What are the side effects of radiation
- Alter taste sensation
- skin changes and permanent local hair loss
- fatigue
For patient undergoing external radiation therapy went to the nurses instructions include?
- Do not remove the markings
- do not use lotions or ointments
- avoid direct skin exposure to sunlight for up to a year
3 do to not rub treated areas
Why does the nurse wear a dosimeter when providing care to a patient receiving brachytherapy?
Determine the amount of radiation exposure experienced
What are the rationales for chemotherapy is a cancer treatment?
Increases arrival time for the patient and systematic treatment for cancer cells that may have escaped from the primary tumor
What is the lowest level bone marrow activity and white blood cells called?
Nadir
Each chemotherapeutic agent has a specific nadir. What is important to do in giving combination therapy?
Avoid giving agents with like nadirs at the same time
Chemotherapy drug dosage is based on total body surface area therefore what is important for the nurse to do?
When measure the patient’s height
What does the course of chemotherapy normally include?
- Variance with patient’s responses to the therapy
2. Time dosing of the therapy to minimize normal cell damage
Most chemotherapy is administered intravenously. What are major potential complications?
- Tissue damage
2. Extravastion
What is the major side effect that limits the dose of chemotherapy?
Dry desquamation of the skin
The nurse administering a vesicant must be prepared for complications and must have knowledge of which information?
Antidote in the correct method of documentation for extra vacation
When thinning are lots of hair is a known side effect of the drug being administered what does the nurse do?
Have the patient use gentle hair shampoo and help the patients like wigs turbines are scarves
Which statements are true regarding nausea and vomiting related to chemotherapy administration?
- It is a common side effect of Emetogenic agents
2. It usually last for one or two days after administration
Phrase best describes stomatitis?
Sores located in the mouth
Because of the rapid cell division in the gastrointestinal tract, what is the effect of chemotherapy?
Causes cells to be killed more rapidly than they can be produced
What techniques are included in oral care for a patient with stomatitis?
- Observation
- Saline mouthwash
- Petrolatum jelly to lips after each mouth care
Bone marrow suppression causes a decrease in which bodily components to occur?
- Leukocytes
- Erythrocytes
Platelets
Which clinical manifestations of the nurse expect in a patient with chemotherapy induced bone marrow suppression?
Fatigue bleeding gums and pallor
The nurse is responsible for teaching both immunosuppressed patients in the family about health promoting activities. Which are the most important activities to teach?
- Handwashing
2. Illuminating fresh fruit from the patients diet
The biological response modifiers have which positive effects on patients receiving chemotherapy?
- Less risk of life-threatening infections
2. able to tolerate higher doses of chemotherapy
Side effects of interleukin therapy can be dramatic. The patient may need to be treated in a critical care unit for which side effects?
- Fluid shifts
- severe inflammatory reaction
- capillary leak
- tissue swelling
What are common immediate reactions to biological response modifier therapy?
Fever, chills, rigor, malaise
Patient with cancer tells the nurse she has numbness and weakness in her legs. What is the nurses best response?
Are you having any back pain?
Which interventions as a nurse implement for a patient receiving chemotherapy to prevent the serious side effects of sepsis and disseminated intravascular coagulation?
- Strict handwashing
- Monitoring of white blood cells and clotting factors
- Education of the patient and family
- Frequent thorough patient assessment
Patient with lymphoma reports severe facial swelling, tightness of the down collar, and at the taxis. Which complication does the nurse suspects?
Superior vena cava syndrome
Which severe side effects of chemotherapy may cause a patient’s death?
- Sepsis
2. Disseminated intravascular coagulation
The patient has a diagnosis of cancer with the gram-negative infection. The nurse assesses bleeding from many sites throughout the body. For what condition is the nurse expect to perform nursing interventions?
Disseminated intravascular coagulation
Patient diagnosed with bone cancer reports fatigue, loss of appetite, and constipation. Which laboratory results of the nurse report immediately?
Calcium level of 10.5
Patient with advanced breast cancer reports severe back pain and leg weakness. Based on the symptoms, what does the nurse suspect?
Spinal cord compression
The client was admitted to the hospital with Mentasta cancer has a temperature of the hundred .4, distended abdomen, and of Domino pain. The client asked the nurse do you think that I’m going to have surgery? How should the nurse respond?
You seem concerned about having surgery
After recovery for modified neck dissection for her or for pharyngeal cancer, the client receives external radiation to the operative site. For which most critical reaction to the radiation to the nurse assessed client for?
Mucosal edema
A client expresses concern about being exposed to radiation therapy because it can cause cancer. What should the nurse emphasize when informing the client about exposure to radiation?
Only a small part of the body is irradiated
A client who is to receive radiation therapy for cancer says to the nurse my family said I will get a radiation burn. What is the nurses best response?
A localized skin reaction usually occurs
A nurse supplies and ice pack to a clients like for 20 minutes. What clinical indicator helps the nurse determine the effectiveness of the treatment?
Local anesthesia
The nurse is caring for a client who had an insertion of radiation for cancer of the cervix. For what radium action should the nurse assessed the client?
Pain
Radium inserted in the vagina have a client is now being removed. What safety precaution should the nurse employee in assisting with the radium removal?
Ensure that long for subs are available for removing the radium
I nursed checking the Prandi I’m a client with the radium implant for cervical cancer observes the packing protruding from the vagina. Why must the nurse notify the healthcare provider to remove it immediately?
The radioactive packing will injure healthy tissue
A nurses caring for a client who has a radium implant for cancer of the cervix. What is the priority nursing action?
Restricting visitors to a 10 minute stay
Client was treated with the radium implant for cancer of the cervix what information is important for the nurse to teach the client when giving discharge instructions?
Return for follow-up care
The client with an invasive carcinoma of the bladder is receiving radiation to the lower abdomen and an attempt to shrink the tumor before therapy. What does the nurse do considering the side effects of radiation?
Observe feces for the presence of blood
A nurse identifies that a client receiving chemotherapy has lost weight. What are appropriate nursing interventions for this client?
- Encouraging the intake a preferred foods
2. promoting the intake of a small frequent meals 3. administering ordered anti-medics before meals
For which side effects should the nurse assessed the client with cancer is being treated with chemotherapy agents?
- Diarrhea
2. Bleeding tendencies
A nurse is planning care for a client with cancer was receiving the plant alkaloid then Christine. In contrast of the side effects of most chemotherapeutic agents, what is a common side effect of been Christine that the nurse must address in the client care plan?
Constipation
The client receiving chemotherapy asked the nurse wine anabiotic was also prescribed. Which tissue affected by chemotherapy should the nurse consider when formulating a response?
Bone marrow
A client receiving chemotherapy for cancer develops sores in the mouth and ass and is why this happened. What is the nurses best response?
The rapidly dividing cells of the gastrointestinal tract or damaged by the drug
A nurse administers level Coren calcium to a client before the prescribed methotrexate. The client asked the reason for this. What effective level corn Kelsey I’m sure the nurse consider when formulating a response?
Supplies levels of full of acid required by blood forming organs
A client who has breast cancer had post lumpectomy and chemotherapy and is now scheduled for radiation on an outpatient basis. What is an important nursing intervention while the client is receiving radiation?
Assess the radiated site daily for redness or your Tatian
What is important nursing care for children with leukemia and chemotherapeutic protocols?
Having them avoid contact with infected persons
The client is receiving been Christine. What should the nurse expect the dietary plan to include to minimize the side effects?
High in fluids
A client just had a suprapubic prostatectomy. Which action should the nurse implement to prevent secondary bladder affection?
Change the dressing frequently
