cancer metabolism Flashcards
what are the cancer hallmarks
-sustaining proliferative signaling
-evading growth supressors
-resisting cell death
-inducing angiogenesis
-enabling replicative immortality
-activating invasion and metastasis
what are the new cancer hallmarks
deregulating cellular energetics
-avoiding immune destruction
-tumor promoting inflammation
-genome instability and mutation
what is the warbug effect
The Warburg Effect is a phenomenon in cancer cells where they preferentially use glycolysis (a less efficient way of generating energy) even in the presence of oxygen. Named after Otto Warburg, this metabolic shift supports rapid cell growth and is a characteristic feature of many cancer types.
true or false: in cancer cells, they prefer aerobic glycolysis which makes less atp
true
-you make less atp made and more glycolytic intermediates and lactate
what do normal cells prefer: anaerobic glycolysis or ox phos
-ox phos when there is oxygen
-anaerobic glycolysis when there is no glycolysis
true or false: the relationship between glycolysis and oxphos is like a switch
false it is like a dial
true or false: there is more glycolysis when the tumor is progressing
false there is more oxphos when it progresses because there is less access to nutients and it is more acidic
what are the signalling pathways that regulate cancer metabolism
-pi3k
-myc
-glucose
-glutamineaka myc
in standard culture which is more common, glutamine metabolism or glucose metabolism
glutamine metabolism
in 3d culture which is more common: glucose or glutamine metabolism
glucose metabolism
in slice culture: which is more common: glucose or glutamine metabolism
glucose to pyruvate to lactate
in mouse culture: which is more common: glucose or glutamine metabolism
glucose to pyruvate to lactate
true or false: there is more glucose uptake in cancer
true
bioenergic pathways varies accross cancer types: give examples
prostate cancer do not rely much on glucose metabolism and fdg pet fails to image prostate tumors
true or false: high fat diet promotes aerobic glycolysis in prostate cancer
true
how can the fact that the diet can change the cancer metabolism be good
because then we can use that fact to treat cancer
what does pemetrexed do
blocks the cho-thf ro thf concersion in the folate cycle that is a part lf the purine synthesis
what is pemetrexed
it is ablocker ibn the purine biosynthesis
-it is supposed to look like folic acid to cock block
what does cb839 do
blocks gls which converts glutamine to glutamate
what is d 2 hydroxyglutarate q
it is made by mutant IDH and it is an onco metabolite which reduces demethylation by tet enzymes
idh mutants reduces what
dna demethylation which means that the dna is less accessible now since demethylation promotes dna access