Cancer L11 - SP3 - Fill in the Blanks Only

Question 1

Most common risk factors for breast cancer?

Answer 1

Age and gender.

Question 2

Why is dense breast tissue a risk factor for breast cancer?

Answer 2

Because it’s more likely that tumours will go unnoticed on a mammogram.

Question 3

Five types of breast cancer screening

Answer 3

Breast self-exam. Clinical exam. Mammography. MRI. Ultrasound. Duct lavage.

Question 4

Is Stage 3 Breast Cancer common or rare?

Answer 4

Rare

Question 5

Is Stage 3 Breast Cancer mild or aggressive?

Answer 5

Aggressive

Question 6

What are the treatment goals of Stage 4 Breast Cancer?

Answer 6

Symptom relief.

Question 7

What are monoclonal antibodies?

Answer 7

Researcher-designed antibodies that target cancer cells.

Question 8

What are the principle risk for prostate cancer?

Answer 8

Being a man over the age of 65. Risk grows as men grow older. A family history of prostate cancer.

Question 9

Is orchiectomy for prostate cancer common or not common?

Answer 9

Not common.

Question 10

Active surveillance/watchful waiting is used for what types of prostate cancer?

Answer 10

Prostate cancers that are slow growing and slow to metastasize.

Question 11

Side effects of chemotherapy for treatment of prostate cancer.

Answer 11

Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, hair loss, increased risk of infection.

Question 12

Heavy smokers increase their risk of lung cancer by ___ and moderate smokers between ___ and ___.

Answer 12

Heavy smokers increase risk 20-fold. Moderate smokers between 5-fold to 10-fold.

Question 13

Is it possible to develop lung cancer without any of the known risk factors?

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

What is the prognosis for adenocarcinoma (type of broncheogenic carcinoma)?

Answer 14

It metastasizes early. So there is less than a 10% 5-year survival rate.

Question 15

Thoracentesis

Answer 15

Removal of fluid between lungs and chest wall, in order to test the fluid for cancer cells.

Question 16

Stage of lung cancer is based on…

Answer 16

Tumour size. Whether or not cancer is in any lymph nodes. Whether or not cancer has spread to other areas of the body.

Question 17

Sites where lung cancer can spread include…

Answer 17

Lymph nodes, adrenal glands, liver, bones and brain.

Question 18

When other types of cancers spread to the lungs, are they considered lung cancer?

Answer 18

No.

Question 19

Is an increased incidence rate always a bad thing?

Answer 19

No, it can just mean better diagnosis.