Cancer L11 - SP3 - Fill in the Blanks Only Flashcards
Most common risk factors for breast cancer?
Age and gender.
Why is dense breast tissue a risk factor for breast cancer?
Because it’s more likely that tumours will go unnoticed on a mammogram.
Five types of breast cancer screening
Breast self-exam. Clinical exam. Mammography. MRI. Ultrasound. Duct lavage.
Is Stage 3 Breast Cancer common or rare?
Rare
Is Stage 3 Breast Cancer mild or aggressive?
Aggressive
What are the treatment goals of Stage 4 Breast Cancer?
Symptom relief.
What are monoclonal antibodies?
Researcher-designed antibodies that target cancer cells.
What are the principle risk for prostate cancer?
Being a man over the age of 65. Risk grows as men grow older. A family history of prostate cancer.
Is orchiectomy for prostate cancer common or not common?
Not common.
Active surveillance/watchful waiting is used for what types of prostate cancer?
Prostate cancers that are slow growing and slow to metastasize.
Side effects of chemotherapy for treatment of prostate cancer.
Nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue, hair loss, increased risk of infection.
Heavy smokers increase their risk of lung cancer by ___ and moderate smokers between ___ and ___.
Heavy smokers increase risk 20-fold. Moderate smokers between 5-fold to 10-fold.
Is it possible to develop lung cancer without any of the known risk factors?
Yes
What is the prognosis for adenocarcinoma (type of broncheogenic carcinoma)?
It metastasizes early. So there is less than a 10% 5-year survival rate.
Thoracentesis
Removal of fluid between lungs and chest wall, in order to test the fluid for cancer cells.
