Cancer II Flashcards
There are two types of tumor suppressor genes which include
Proteins that normally restrict cell growth and proliferation
Proteins that maintain integrity of genome
What are the two types of retinoblastoma?
Hereditary and Sporadic
Sporadic more common at 60%
Describe the hereditary form of Rb?
Loss of function or deletion of one copy of Rb in each cell since the defect is Inherited therefore predisposed to be cancerous
When a somatic event occurs that eliminates the one good Rb gene, we have a loss of heterozygosity and Rb cancer occurs since it is a recessive cancer
Sporadic form of Rb becomes cancer via what process?
Two hit hypothesis after initially starting with two healthy Rb alleles
In normal conditions, the cyclin-CDK complex allows expression of s-CDK for more cyclin production. But this complex can become a oncogene by what means?
Via overproduction of CDK or Cyclin driving the replication at a higher rate than Rb can suppress
p53 is consider the “_____” which is involved in cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, apoptosis and block of angiogenesis
Mother of all tumor suppressors and is V important
p53 is a regulatory tumor suppressor involved in (2) functions
stimulates transcription of p21: CdK Inhibitory protein
Activates expression of pro-apoptotic proteins BH123 and BH-3.
In papilloma virus, __ and __ viral proteins bind to 2 suppressor genes ___ and ___
E6 and E7
Rb and p53
A polyp is considered a
Adenoma or protruding benign tumor that is a precursor for colorectal cancer
Mutations in genes related to colon cancer include
40% from K-Ras point mutations 60% from inactivating mutation of p53 APC mutation(tumor suppressor)
CML is identified by a special chromosome translocation between #__ and #___. It causes fusion of which gene?
9 and 22
BCR-ABL protein expression allowing highly active tyrosine kinase expression
How does Gleevec work and what cancer is it treatment for?
It inhibits tyrosine kinase activity for CML by causing disappearance of philly chromy
