Cancer Genetics Flashcards
1
Q
Cancer of the retina that normally only affects children under age 7
A
Retinoblastoma (RB)
2
Q
A gene that is responsible for multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypes
A
Pleiotrophy
3
Q
Tumor Suppressor Genes
A
Genes that inhibit inappropriate cell division
4
Q
Two-Hit Model
A
Need at least one functional copy of a tumor suppressor gene; both copies (two hits) must be taken out to cause cancer
5
Q
Proto-Oncogenes
A
Genes that promote cell division
6
Q
Ways viruses promote cancer
A
- Depressing the immune system stops cancer detection (HIV)
- Position Effect: Retroviruses insert themselves into genome and turn on a protooncogene or turn off a tumor suppressor gene
- v-Oncogenes: Viruses incorporate proto-oncogenes into genome and end up with mutation to oncogene
7
Q
BRCA-1
A
DNA repair gene/tumor suppressor gene that interrupts apparent crosslinking repair function when mutated
8
Q
Tumor Suppressor Gene Examples:
A
rb, p53, BRCA-1
9
Q
Proto-oncogene Examples:
A
erbB, ras, src, myc
10
Q
Environmental Cancer Causes:
A
Mutagenic Environments
Viral Risk
Signal Interference (Cell division signals)
