Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Oncology > Cancer Genetics > Flashcards

Cancer Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

According to Otto Warburg that cancer is due to what?

A

Abnormal metabolism of oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

All cancer originate from a single cell?

T or F

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

How many mutated cancer gene is required for the development of most solid tumors?

A

3 mutated genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many mutated gene is required for liquid tumors, sarcomas and childhood tumors?

A

2 mutated genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

One or 2 mutations is sufficient for?

A

Benign tumorigenesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cancer mutation gene affect the cell by proliferating more than dying.

T or F

A

T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

It influence the growth of cell

A

Tumor suppressor genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

It acquires mutations that typically relieve control and lead to increased activity of gene products

A

Oncogenes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How many alleles must be inactivated to lose the function of tumor suppressor genes

A

2 alleles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How many genes should be required to activate an oncogene

A

One genetic event

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

The agent responsible for the transmission of CA

A

Retrovirus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

It is a common mechanism of oncogene activation

A

POINT MUTATION

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

SECOND mechanism for activation of oncogenes

A

DNA amplification

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the prognosis of amplification of a cellular gene

A

Poor prognosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The chromosomal alterations in solid tumors like carcinoma?

A

Heterogenous and comples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

It is the chromosome alteration in myeloid and lymphoid tumors?

A

Simple translocations

17
Q

It is usually observed in liquid tumors and common in lymphoid tumors

A

Translocation

18
Q

It is a translocation that is identified in solid tumors like prostate CA

A

Recurrent translocation

19
Q

It blocks the activity of Abl tyrosine kinase and has efficacy with little toxicity in CML

A

Imatinib

20
Q

Abnormal number of chromosome in solid tumor is

A

Aneuploidy

21
Q

3 types of lesions observed in tumor suppressor genes

A
  • point mutations
  • indels
  • large deletions
22
Q

It indicates the presence of tumor suppressor gene

A

LOH

Loss of heterozygosity

23
Q

Leads to loss of gene expression occurs in conjunction with hypermethylation of promoter and histone deacetylation and another mechanism for TSG inactivation

A

Gene slicing

24
Q

It is the covalent modification of chromatin

A

Epigenetic modification

25
Q

It is inherited in colon cancer syndrome and caused by germline mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli tumor suppressor gene on chromosome 5

A

Familial adenomatous polyposis

26
Q

HNPCC can be considered a disease of a tumor progression

T or F

A

T

27
Q

2 pillars of cancer development

A

FAP and HNPCC

28
Q

MSI and chromosomal instability are exclusive of what cancer?

A

Colon CA

29
Q

It is used to predict risk of cancers in individuals of affected families

A

DNA testing

30
Q

High risk types 16 and 18 are strongly associated with the development of what cancers?

A 
Cervical
Vulvar
Vaginal
Anal 
Penile
Oropharyngeal
31
Q

Common solid tumors have how many mutations?

A

30-70

32
Q

Liquid tumors, lymphoma, leukemia and pediatric tumors have how many mutations?

A

Fewer than 20

33
Q

Among tumors if the same type from different patients?

A

Type 1 heterogeneity

34
Q

The reason for a decrease in heterogeneity is what?

A

Clonal expansion

35
Q

It is among different cells from the same primary tumor

A

Type 2 heterogeneity

36
Q

It refers to genetic differences among the founder cels of metastatic lesions from the same patient?

A

Type 3 heterogeneity

37
Q

It refers to that among cells of individual metastatic lesions

A

Type IV

Oncology (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions