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Pathology Basics - step > Cancer genes > Flashcards

Cancer genes Flashcards

1
Q

BCR-ABL

A

oncogene/tyrosine kinase
CML
ALL

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2
Q

BCL-2

A

oncogene/anti-apoptotic
follicular lymphoma
undifferentiated lymphoma

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3
Q

BRAF

A

oncogene/serine-threonine kinase
melanoma
non-Hodgkin lymphoma

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4
Q

c-kit

A

oncomgene/cytokine receptor
gastrointestinal stromal tumour
GIST

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5
Q

c-myc

A

oncogene/transcription factor

burkitt lymphoma

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6
Q

Her2/neu

c-erbB2

A

oncogene/tyrosine kinase
breast
ovarian
gastric carcinomas

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7
Q

L-myc

A

oncogene/transcription factor

lung tumour

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8
Q

N-myc

A

oncogene/transcription factor

neuroblastoma

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9
Q

RAS

A

oncogene/GTPase
colon cancer
lung cancer
pancreatic cancer

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10
Q

RET

A

oncogene/tyrosine kinase
MEN2A
MEN2B
medullary thyroid cancer

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11
Q

oncogene

A

gain of function mutation increases risk of cancer

only need ONE allele to cause cancer

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12
Q

tumour suppressor gene

A

loss of function mutation increases risk of cancer
need TWO alleles to cause cancer
‘‘two hit hypo’’ when Dr Sobering visited Newcastle MEMO CUE

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13
Q

APC

A

tumour suppressor

colorectal cancer - FAP

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14
Q

BRCA1/BRCA2

A

tumour suppressor/DNA repair protein

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15
Q

DCC

A

tumour suppressor
colon cancer
deleted in colon cancer

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16
Q

DPC4/SMAD4

A

tumour suppressor
pancreatic cancer
deleted in pancreatic cancer

17
Q

MEN1

A

tumour suppressor/menin

Men1

18
Q

NF1

A

tumour suppressor/Ras GTPase (like colon cancer, lung cancer and pancreatic cancer when an oncogene)
neurofibromatous 1

19
Q

NF2

A

tumour suppressor/merlin - schwannomin protein

20
Q

p16

A

tumour suppressor/cyclin-depedent kinase inhibitor 2A

melanoma

21
Q

p53

A

tumour suppressor/transcription factor for p21; blocks g1-s
Li fraumeni
most human cancers

22
Q

PTEN

A

tumour suppressor/
breast cancer
prostate cancer
endometrial cancer

23
Q

Rb

A

tumour suppressor/inhibits E2F; blocks G1-S phase

24
Q

TSC1

A

tumour suppressor/hamartin protein

Tuberous sclerosis

25
Q

TSC2

A

tumour suppressor/tuberin protein

tuberous sclerosis

26
Q

VHL

A

tumour suppressor/inhibits hypoxia inducible factor 1a
von Hippel-Lindaue disease
renal cell carcinoma

27
Q

WT1/WT2

A

tumour suppressor/

wilms tumor/nephroblastoma

Pathology Basics - step (6 decks)

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