Cancer Development Flashcards
what are the 3 main risk factors for cancer
age
genetics
environment
when does survivorship begin
at the time of diagnosis
what is an iatrogenic risk
induced by medical treatment
what are 2 types of iatrogenic risks
hormones
immunosuppression
what is cell division like for malignant cells
rapid
what is the nucleus like for malignant cells
large
what is the adherence like for malignant cells
loose
what is the mitotic index (replication time) for malignant cells
high/fast
what are most cancers related to
lifestyle
what is apoptosis
programmed cell death - cancer cells do not have this
what is angiogenesis
tumors that cause the body to provide them with nutrients because blood vessels attach to them
which type of cancer usually metastasized to the brain, bone, liver, & pancreas
lung cancer
which cancer metastasizes to just the liver
colorectal cancer
which cancer metastasizes to the bone, brain, lung, & liver
breast cancer
which cancer metastasizes to the bone & lung
prostate cancer
benign tumors grow by __________ while malignant tumors grow by ________
benign - expansion
malignant - invasion
what happens when cancer cells lose apoptosis
infinite lifespan
what is primary prevention for cancer
avoid exposure to known causes
what is secondary prevention for cancer
screening
what age should pts start getting mammograms
40
what age should pts start getting colonoscopy
50
what age should pts start getting PSA tests
50
what age should pts start getting PAP tests
21 or sexually active
what age should pts start breast self exams
20’s
