Cancer

Question 1

Proto-oncogenes

Answer 1

Promote cell survival (inhibit apoptosis) and cell proliferation

Question 2

Tumor Supressor Genes

Answer 2

Induce apoptosis and inhibit cell proliferation

Inactivating mutation= prevents apoptosis, allows uncontrolled cell proliferation

Arise by deletion, point mutation, or promoter methylation (loss of function)

Question 3

Oncogenes

Answer 3

Arise by point mutation, chromosomal translocation, gene amplification of protooncogenes

Question 4

6 Essential Alternations To Form Tumour

Answer 4

Self sufficiency in growth signals (make own GF)

Insensitivity to anti growth signals

Evade apoptosis

Aqcuire limitless replicative potential (maintain telomere length)

Susatin angiogenesis (provides adequate nutrients and oxygen)

Able to metastisize from original location and invade other tissues