cancer

Question 1

What is cancer

Answer 1

When cells abdnormally divide and continue dividing forming a tumour.
Malignant tumour: consist of cancer cells spread beyong their original site.
Gain own blood supply and may move into blood/ lymphatics

Question 2

What is TNM

Answer 2

Tumour-volume and stage of tumour
Node- degree of lymph node involvement
Metastasis- spread to other parts of the body

Question 3

what causes cancer

Answer 3

neutral mutations defined as mutation whose effects do not influence the fitneesss of and individual

DNA repair mechansisms fail

Question 4

how does pa prevent cancer

Answer 4

1. sex steroid hormone: prevents increase in OE
2. energy balance and fat
3. growth factors
4. anti-inflammatory system
5. immune defence system
6. antioxidant defence system/ DNA damage

Question 5

guidelines for PA during treatment

Answer 5

-exercise to tolerance
-depends of fitness and treatment side effects
-CV-3-5x week, 20-30 minutes, 55-75% HRR
-Resistance: 2 week
Flexibility most days
-walking
-progression not always linear

Question 6

guidelines for PA post-treatment

Answer 6

• may have specific rehab needs
• accumulate at least 30 minutes of mod intensity exercise (60-80% HR max) on 5 days a week
• incorporate muscular strength and endurance 2x week
• flexibility and balance
• goals of patients
• barriers
• re-evaluate

Question 7

basic statement of cancer guidelines

Answer 7

meet guidelines unless advised otherwise or when undergoing difficult treatment try not to be sedentary but within limits of fitness/ side effects

Question 8

Recommendations reference

Answer 8

Rock et al 2012 american cancer society