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Nursing 5: Test 1 Cancer > Cancer > Flashcards

Cancer Flashcards

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0
Q

Benign Neoplasms

-Characteristics

A
  1. Local, cohesive
  2. Well-defined borders
  3. Pushes other tissues out of the way
  4. Slow growing and encapsulated
  5. Easily removed and does not recur
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1
Q

Alteration in Cellular Regulation

A
  1. Any cell function that doesn’t do or over does a function
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2
Q

Malignant Neoplasms

-Characteristics

A
  1. Invasive & noncohesive
  2. Does not stop at tissue border
  3. Invades and destroys surrounding tissues
  4. Rapid growth
  5. Metastasizes to distant sites
  6. Not easily removed and can recur
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3
Q

Cancers Associated W/ Different Viruses

-Herpes Simples I&II

A
  1. Carcinoma of the lip
  2. Cervical Carcinoma
  3. Kaposi’s sarcoma
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4
Q

Cancers Associated W/ Different Viruses

-Hepatitis B

A
  1. Primary hepatocellular cancer
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5
Q

Cancers Associated W/ Different Viruses

-Human Cytomegalovirus

A
  1. Kaposi’s sarcoma

2. Prostate cancer

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6
Q

Cancers Associated W/ Different Viruses

-Papillomavirus

A
  1. Malignant melanoma

2. Cervical, penil, and laryngeal cancers

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7
Q

Cancers Associated W/ Different Viruses

-Epstein-Barr Virus

A
  1. Burkett’s lymphoma
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8
Q

Cancers Associated W/ Different Viruses

-Human T-lymphotropic Viruses

A
  1. Adult T-cell leukemia and lymphoma
  2. T-Cell variant or hairy-cell leukemia
  3. Kaposi’s Sarcoma
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9
Q

Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome

A
  1. Unexplained rapid weight loss is the first symptom that brings the client to a HCP.
  2. Specific to cancer because of cancers effect on the host metabolism
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10
Q

TNM Classification

A
  1. T = Tumor size, depth of invasion, and surface spread
  2. N = Indicates the presence & extent of lymph node involvement
  3. M = Denotes presence or absence of distant metastasis
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11
Q

Sentinel Node

A
  1. Is the lymph node closest to the tumor

2. If tumor is in the sentinel node, it is likely that metastasis has occurred`.

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12
Q

Specific Tumor Markers

-Breast Cancer

A
  1. CA 15-3
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13
Q

Specific Tumor Markers

-Ovarian Cancer

A
  1. CA 125
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14
Q

Specific Tumor Markers

-Prostate Cancer

A
  1. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
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15
Q

Cancer Screening Guidelines for Asymptomatic People

-Breast Cancer **TEST

A
  1. Monthly breast self-exam beginning at menses
  2. Clinical Breast exam every 3 years from 20-40 yrs old & annually starting at age 40
  3. Mammogram annually (or every 3 yrs) beginning at 40 UNLESS a first degree relative is positive
16
Q

Cancer Screening Guidelines for Asymptomatic People

-Cervical & Uterine Cancer

A
  1. Pap smear starts with Sexual Inter-coarse or age 21.
17
Q

Cancer Screening Guidelines for Asymptomatic People

-Prostate Cancer

A
  1. PSA and digital rectal exam annually beginning at age 50 for men who have at least a 10-year life expectancy
    - Start younger in men w/ increased risk factors
18
Q

Signs of Good Nutritional Status

A
  1. Skin has a healthy glow
  2. Pt is alert and energetic
  3. Clear, bright eyes / pink-red oral mucosa
  4. Flat firm abdomen
  5. well developed muscles & good attention span
19
Q

Factors to Assess for Hydration Status

A
  1. I&O & rapid weight changes
  2. Skin turgor and moistures
  3. Venous filling and vital sign changes (BP is a late sign)
  4. Eyeball softness
  5. Lung sounds and Lab values
20
Q

When To Call For Help (NOT Emergency)

-Pt Education

A
  1. Pg 137

Nursing 5: Test 1 Cancer (4 decks)

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