Canada's Regions Flashcards
How big is Canada?
10 million square km - second largest country on earth
Which oceans line Canada’s frontiers?
The Pacific Ocean in the west, the Atlantic Ocean in the east, and the Arctic Ocean to the north.
What is along the southern edge of Canada?
The Canadian-US border
What are the 4 distinct regions of Canada?
The Atlantic Provinces
Central Canada
The Prairie Provinces
The West Coast
The Northern Territories
What is the capital of Canada and when was it chosen?
Ottawa, located on the Ottawa River, was chosen as the capital in 1857 by Queen Victoria, the great-great-grandmother of Queen Elizabeth II.
How big is Ottowa?
It is Canada’s fourth largest metropolitan area.
How big is the National Capital Region?
4,700 square kilometres surrounding Ottawa
How many provinces and terrotories in Canada?
Canada has ten provinces and three territories. Each province and territory has its own capital city.
Population of Canada?
34 million people
Where do majority of Canadians live?
Cities
Provinces of the Atlantic Region
Newfoundland and Labrador
Prince Edward Island
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Capital of Newfoundland and Labrador?
St. John’s
Capital of Prince Edward Island
Charlottetown
Capital of Nova Scotia
Halifax
Capital of New Brunswick?
Fredericton
Provinces in central Canada?
Quebec
Ontario
Capital of Quebec?
Quebec City
Capital of Ontario
Toronto
Provinces in the Prairie Provinces?
Manitoba
Saskatchewan
Alberta
Capital of Manitoba
Winnipeg
Capital of Saskatchewan?
Regina
Capital of Alberta
Edmonton
Provinces in the West Coast?
British Columbia
Capital of British Columbia?
Victoria
Territories in the North?
Nunavut
Northwest Territories
Yukon Territory
Capital of Nunavut?
Iqaluit
Capital of Nortwest Territories?
Yellowknife
Capital of Yukon Territory?
Whitehorse
What makes the Atlantic provinces an important part of Canada’s history and development?
Atlantic Canada’s coasts and natural resources, including fishing, farming, forestry and mining. The Atlantic Ocean brings cool winters and cool humid summers.
What is he most easterly point in North America?
Newfoundland and Labrador
What is Newfoundland and Labrador’s heritage linked to?
The sea
Which is the oldest colony of the British Empire and a strategic prize in Canada’s early history?
Newfoundland and Labrador
What is Newfoundland and Labrador known for?
The province has long been known for its fisheries, coastal fishing villages and distinct culture. Today off-shore oil and gas extraction contributes a substantial part of the economy. Labrador also has immense hydro-electric resources.
Which is the smallest province?
PEI
What is PEI known for?
beaches, red soil and agriculture, especially potatoes.
Which province birthed the confederation
PEI
How is PEI connected to mainland Canada?
By one of the longest continuous multispan bridges in the world, the Confederation Bridge
Where does Anne of Green Gables take place?
PEI
Which is the most populous Atlantic Province?
Nova Scotia
What is Nova Scotia known for?
The world’s highest tides in the Bay of Fundy, the province’s identity is linked to shipbuilding, fisheries and shipping. As Canada’s largest east coast port, deep-water and ice-free, the capital, Halifax, has played an important role in Atlantic trade and defence and is home to Canada’s largest naval base. Nova Scotia has a long history of coal mining, forestry and agriculture. Today there is also off-shore oil and gas exploration. The province’s Celtic and Gaelic traditions sustain a vibrant culture. Nova Scotia is home to over 700 annual festivals, including the spectacular military tattoo in Halifax.
What is special about New Brunswick?
It is situated in the Appalachian Range. The province was founded by the United Empire Loyalists and has the second largest river system on North America’s Atlantic coastline, the St. John River system.
What are New Brunswick’s principal industries?
Forestry, agriculture, fisheries, mining, food processing and tourism
Where is Saint John and what is it known for?
New Brunswick, it is the largest city, port and manufacturing centre;
Where is Moncton and what is it known for?
New Bruswick. It is the principal Francophone Acadian centre
Where is Fredericton and what is it known for?
New Brunswick. It is the historic capital
Which is the only officially bilingual province?
New Brunswick
How much of the New Brunswick population live and work in French?
About one third
What are street festivals and traditional music in New Brunswick inspired by?
The province’s pioneer Loyalist and French cultural heritage and history
Where do more than half of Canadian people live?
In cities and towns near the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River in southern Quebec and Ontario, known as Central Canada and the industrial and manufacturing heartland.
What type of weather is in southern Ontario and Quebec?
cold winters and warm humid summers.
How much Canadian manufactured goods does Ontario and Quebec jointly produce?
More than three quarters
How many people live in Quebec and where do the vast majority live?
Nearly eight million and along or near the St. Lawrence River
How many people in Quebec speak French as their first language?
More than three quarters
What industries are prominent in Quebec and how have they achieved them?
The resources of the Canadian Shield have helped Quebec to develop important industries, including forestry, energy and mining.
What is Quebec Canada’s main producer of?
Pulp and paper
What is important about Quebec in terms of hydro-electricity?
The province’s huge supply of fresh water has made it Canada’s largest producer of hydro-electricity.
What is Quebec leaders in?
Cutting-edge industries such as pharmaceuticals and aeronautics.
What in Quebec has international stature, especially in La Francophonie?
Quebec films, music, literary works, and food
Which city is Canada’s second largest city?
Montreal
What is special about Montreal?
It is the second largest mainly French-speaking city in the world after Paris and it is famous for its cultural diversity
How many of Canadians are in Ontario?
More than 12 million making up more than one-third
What contributes to Ontario’s vital economy?
The large and culturally diverse population, natural resources and strategic location
Which city is Canada’s largest and main financial centre?
Toronto
Where do most people in Ontario work?
in the service or manufacturing industries, which produce a large percentage of Canada’s exports
What is the Niagra region known for?
Vineyards, wines and fruit crops.
What is special about Ontario?
Ontario farmers raise dairy and beef cattle, poultry, and vegetable and grain crops. Founded by United Empire Loyalists, Ontario also has the largest Frenchspeaking population outside of Quebec, with a proud history of preserving their language and culture.
What are the five great lakes located between Ontario and the US?
Lake Ontario, Lake Erie, Lake Huron, Lake Michigan (in the U.S.A.) and Lake Superior, the largest freshwater lake in the world.
What kind of temperature is found in the Prairie provinces?
The region is mostly dry, with cold winters and hot summers.
What is Manitoba’s economy based on?
Agriculture, mining and hydro-electric power generation.
What is Manitoba’s most populous city?
Winnipeg, whose Exchange District includes the most famous street intersection in Canada, Portage and Main.
What is St. Boniface?
Winnipeg’s French Quarter, St. Boniface, has Western Canada’s largest Francophone community at 45,000.
What is special about Manitoba?
Manitoba is also an important centre of Ukrainian culture, with 14% reporting Ukrainian origins, and the largest Aboriginal population of any province, at over 15%.
What is Saskatchawan known as?
Once known as the “breadbasket of the world” and the “wheat province,” it has 40% of the arable land in Canada and is the country’s largest producer of grains and oilseeds.
What industries are in Saskatchawan?
It boasts the world’s richest deposits of uranium and potash, used in fertilizer, and produces oil and natural gas.
What is special about regina?
Regina, the capital, is home to the training academy of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
Which is the largest city in Saskacthawan and what is special about it?
Saskatoon, the largest city, is the headquarters of the mining industry and an important educational, research and technology centre.
Which is the most populous Prairie province?
Alberta
What is named after Princess Louise Caroline Alberta, fourth daughter of Queen Victoria?
The Alberta province, and the world-famous Lake Louise in the Rocky Mountains,
How many national parks are in Alberta?
Five national parks, including Banff National Park, established in 1885.
What is the Badlands?
It houses some of the world’s richest deposits of prehistoric fossils and dinosaur finds
What is special about Alberta?
Alberta is the largest producer of oil and gas, and the oil sands in the north are being developed as a major energy source. Alberta is also renowned for agriculture, especially for the vast cattle ranches that make Canada one of the world’s major beef producers.
What is British Columbia known for?
majestic mountains and as Canada’s Pacific gateway
What is special about the Port of Vancouver?
It is Canada’s largest and busiest port and handles billions of dollars in goods traded around the world.
What is the weather in Birtish Columbia?
Warm airstreams from the Pacific Ocean give the B.C. coast a temperate climate.
Which is Canada’s western most province?
British Columbia (B.C.), on the Pacific coast.
Population in BC?
About 4 million
What is our gateway to the Asia-Pacific?
Port of Vancouver
What makes up one half of foods produced in BC?
forestry products, including lumber, newsprint, and pulp and paper products—the most valuable forestry industry in Canada
What is BC known for?
mining, fishing, and the fruit orchards and wine industry of the Okanagan Valley
What is special about BC?
It has the most extensive park system in Canada, with approximately 600 provincial parks.
The province’s large Asian communities have made Chinese and Punjabi the most spoken languages in the cities after English.
The capital, Victoria, is a tourist centre and headquarters of the navy’s Pacific fleet.
What is special about the Nortwestern Territories?
Nunavut and Yukon contain one-third of Canada’s land mass but have a population of only 100,000.
What mines are in the Northwestern Territories?
gold, lead, copper, diamond and zinc mines.
What is being developed in the Northwestern Territories?
Oil and gas deposits
What is the North often refereed to as?
The “Land of the Midnight Sun” because at the height of summer, daylight can last up to 24 hours.
What happens during winter in the Northwestern territories?
The sun disappears and darkness sets in for three months.
What is the weather in Northwestern Territories?
They have long cold winters and short cool summers.
What is much of the North made up of?
Tundra, the vast rocky Arctic plain
What is special about the tundra?
Because of the cold Arctic climate, there are no trees on the tundra and the soil is permanently frozen.
What is a significan part of Yukon economy
Mining
When did miners come to Yukon?
during the Gold Rush of the 1890s,
Wait railways are in Yukon?
The White Pass and Yukon Railway opened from Skagway in neighbouring Alaska to the territorial capital, Whitehorse in 1900 and provides a spectacular tourist excursion across precipitous passes and bridges
Which province holds the record for the coldest temperature and what is it?
Yukon holds the record for the coldest temperature ever recorded in Canada (-63°C).
What is th highest mountain in Canada?
Mount Logan, located in the Yukon
What is Mount Logan named after?
It is named in honour of Sir William Logan, a world-famous geologist, born in Montreal in 1798 to Scottish immigrant parents. Logan founded and directed the Geological Survey of Canada from 1842 to 1869 and is considered one of Canada’s greatest scientists
What is yellowknife known as?
The “diamond capital of North America.”
How much of the population in Northwest territories is Aboriginal?
More than half
What is the second-longest river system in North America, after Mississippi?
The Mackenzie River, at 4,200 kilometres. It drains an area of 1.8 million square kilometres.
What does Nunavut mean
“our land” in Inuktitut. It was established in 1999 from the eastern part of the Northwest Territories, including all of the former District of Keewatin.
What was the capital of Nunavut formerly called and why?
The capital is Iqaluit, formerly Frobisher Bay, named after the English explorer Martin Frobisher, who penetrated the uncharted Arctic for Queen Elizabeth I in 1576.
How are premiers and ministers in Nunavut chosen?
The 19-member Legislative Assembly chooses a premier and ministers by consensus.
What is the population of Nunavit and official langauge?
The population is about 85% Inuit, and Inuktitut is an official language and the first language in schools.
What do Canadian Rangers do?
Dealing with harsh weather conditions in an isolated region, the Canadian Rangers, part of the Canadian Forces Reserves (militia), play a key role. Drawing on indigenous knowledge and experience, the Rangers travel by snowmobile in the winter and all-terrain vehicles in the summer from Resolute to the Magnetic North Pole, and keep the flag flying in Canada’s Arctic.
