Canada's History Flashcards
Who are the Huron-Wendat ?
- They are a large “Indians” groups found by the Europeans - The Iroquois
what the Huron-Wendat did for living ?
- Farmers and and hunters
where the Huron-Wendat used to live ?
- Around the Great Lakes
Where the Cree and Dene used to live?
- In the northwest
what the Cree and Dene did for living ?
- Hunter and gatherers
the Sioux:
- Nomadic tribe that fallow the bison herd (buffalo)
The Inuit:
- live off the Arctic wildlife
who were the first europeans?
- The vikings
who was Jacques Cartier? and what consequence had his actions ?
- A france explorer that captured 2 native who heard to said the word “KANATA” , meaning “village”
Kanata ———> Canada
- By 1550, the name of Canada appeared in the maps
what cities were constructed in First Royal New France expeditions?
- Port Royal, Arcadia ——> present day, Nova Scotia
- A fortress (1608) , now day Quebec City
What is the Quebec act of 1774?
- It use principal of the British institution to the reality of the province
- It allowed religious Freedom for Catholics and permitted them to hold public office
- The Quebec Act restored French civil law while maintaining British criminal law
Wha is the United Empire Loyalist?
- People loyal to the crown, called “Loyalist”
- they fled from oppression of the American Revolution to settle in Nova Scotia and Quebec
- Josep Brant led thousands of Loyalist Mohawk Indians into Canada.
- About 3000 black Loyalist, freedmen and slaves, come north looking for better life.
- But 1792, some black Nova Scotians, who were given poor land, moved to Freetown, Sierra Leone ( a new British colony for freed slaves.
what is the Constitutional Act of 1791?
- It granted to the “Canadas” legislative assemblies elected by the people.
- The name Canada became official at this time.
what consequence had the Constitutional Act of 1791? (Geography)
- it divided the province of Quebec into:
Upper Canada (later Ontario), which was mainly loyalist, protestant and English-speaking
Lower Canada (later Quebec), heavenly Catholic and French-speaking
- The Atlantic colonies and the two Canadas were known collectively as British North America
how was the abolition of slavery in Canada ?
- first with the political movements in the British Parliament that lead to in 1807 to the prohibition of buying and selling slaves
- In 1833, it was abolished through the empire
- in 1793, Upper Canada was the first province to move toward abolition lead by Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe
- Thousands of slaves escaped from United States, fallowed “The North Start” and settled in Canada via the Underground Railroad, a Cristian anti-slavery network.
In what was base the Canadian’ economy in the 18th and 19th century?
- It was based mainly on farming and on exporting natural resources such as fur, fish and timber
with who the French battle? (first cities in Canada)
- The Iroquois and The French (joined to the confederation of five)
- Algonquin, Montagnais, and Huron, historic enemies of the Iroquois
who are the First Nation?
- First Nations people in Canada are the people who used to be called “Indians,” by the europeans
who are the voyageurs and/or coureurs des bois?
- men who travelled by canoe (European)
- formed strong alliances with First Nations.
what happens with the French government in North America?
- In 1759, the British defeated the French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham at Québec City — marking the end of France’s empire in America.
- English colonies along the Atlantic seaboard, dating from the early 1600s, eventually became richer and more populous than New France.
what name got the French colony after the war? (Canada)
- Great Britain renamed the colony the “Province of Quebec
The French-speaking Catholic people, known as habitants or Canadiens, strove to preserve their way of life in the English-speaking, Protestant-ruled British Empire.
What is the Quebec Act of 1774? complete
- One of the constitutional foundations of Canada
- the Quebec Act accommodated the principles of British institutions to the reality of the province.
- It allowed religious freedom for Catholics and permitted them to hold public office, a practice not then allowed in Britain.
- The Quebec Act restored French civil law while maintaining British criminal law.
- To better govern the French Roman Catholic majority, the British Parliament passed the Quebec Act of 1774.
Reasons of The War of 1812 ?
- American resentment at British interference with their shipping (directed to Europe -Napoleon)
- Believing it would be easy to conquer Canada, the United States launched an invasion in June 1812
who supported the British soldier in The War of 1812 ?
- Canadian volunteers
- First Nations, including Shawnee led by Chief Tecumseh
what American city was capture in The War of 1812 ?
- In July, Major-General Sir Isaac Brock captured Detroit
- he was killed while defending against an American attack at Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls, a battle the Americans lost.
significant military events of The War of 1812 ?
- In 1813, Lieutenant-Colonel Charles de Salaberry and 460 soldiers, mostly French Canadiens, turned
29, back 4,000 American invaders at Châteauguay, south of Montreal - In July, Major-General Sir Isaac Brock captured Detroit, was killed while defending against an American attack at Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls, a battle the Americans lost.
- In 1813 the Americans burned Government House and the Parliament Buildings in York (now Toronto). In retaliation in 1814, Major-General Robert Ross led an expedition from Nova Scotia that burned down the White House and other public buildings in Washington, D.C.
- Ross died in battle soon afterwards and was buried in Halifax with full military honours.
By 1814, the American attempt to conquer Canada had failed.
