Canada's History Flashcards
What year marked the earliest formal exploration of Canada by Europeans?
1497
Who drew the first maps of Canada’s East Coast
John Cabot
Who was Jacques Cartier, and when was he active?
A French Explorer between 1534 and 1542
In what year did “Canada” begin appearing on Maps?
a) 1489
b) 1534
c) 1550
d) 1670
C, 1550
Who established the first european settlement in modern-day Canada?
Pierre de Monts and Samuel de Champlain
When and where was the first european settlement in Canada?
1604, on St Croix Island (now within territory of Maine)
Wha year was Quebec City founded?
1608
What significant event took place in 1759?
the British defeated the French in the Battle of the Plains of Abraham
Why was the Battle of the Plains of Abraham pivotal for the French?
It maked the end of France’s empire in North America.
What are three important outcomes of the Quebec Act and what year was it signed?
- allowed religious freedom for Roman Catholics
- permitted catholics to hold public office
- restored French civil law while maintaining British criminal law
What is the relationship between Sierra Leone and Canada?
Sierra Leone was formed by freed slaves from Nova Scotia
When and Where did the first representative assembly take place?
1758 in Halifax, Nova Scotia.
What were two effects of the Constitutional Act of 1791
- Divided the province of Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada
- granted the colonies the right to form legislative assemblies
- Officially named the colonies collectively as Canada or British North America
When was the institution of slavery abolished in the British commonwealth?
1807
Name three cities that were originally trading posts of the Hudson’s Bay Company
Ft. Garry (Winnipeg)
Ft Edmonton
Ft Langley
Ft Victoria
whe did the Montreal Stock Exchange open
1832
What was the initial impetus for the War of 1812?
the US attempted to invade Canada as a reaction to the British interference with US-French trade
How did Ottawa come to be the national capital of Canada
It was chosen as a defensive location by the Duke of Wellington at the end of the War of 1812
Define Responsible Government
Ministers of the Crown must have the support of a majority of elected representatives in order to govern
Name 2 “Fathers of Confederation”
Sir Etienne-Paschal Tache
Sir George-Etienne Cartier
Sir John A MacDonald
Where did the first fully responsible government form in Canada?
Nova Scotia
What were the two original levels of government created during the development of Canadian Confederation?
Federal and Provincial
Name the original 4 provinces of the Dominion of Canada
Ontario
Quebec
New Brunswick
Novascotia
When and how was Canada officially made a self-governing nation?
The British Parliament passed the British North America Act of 1867, effective July 1st
Name all 10 Canadian Provinces
Ontario Quebec Nova Scotia New Brunswick Manitoba British Columbia Prince Edward Island Saskatchewan Alberta Newfoundland and Labrador
Name the 3 territories of Canada
Yukon
Nunavut
Northwest Territories
Who was Canada’s first prime minister and what year did he take office?
Sir John A MacDonald, in 1867
Who is on the $5 Canadian bill and why is he important?
Sir Wilfrid Laurier
First Francophone prime minister of Canada
What role did Sir George-Etienne Cartier play in the expansion of Canada
He negotiated entry of the NWT, Manitoba, and BC into Canada.
Who is considered the father of Manitoba and why?
Louis Riel, for his part in leading a Metis uprising in Manitoba to defend treaty rights
What was the motivation for the formation of the NWMP
previous experience with the Metis uprising under Louis Riel, and the need to provide security in the provinces
Who oversaw the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway?
Donald Smith, Lord Strathcona
What was the Head Tax?
A race-based additional fee applied to Chinese immigrants to Canada
How many Canadians served in WWI and what was the name of the group they served in?
600,000 Canadians served in the Canadian Expeditionary Froce
What happened at the battle fo Vimy Ridge and why was it important?
the CEP captured Vimy Ridge in WWI and established Canada as a significant international military entity (“the birth of the nation”)
What dy is Vimy Ridge Day?
April 9
What is the significance of the Battle of Amiens and when did it occur?
In August 1918, Canadian troups took part in this battle victory which was a critical blow to the German army and led to the end of the war.
Name the founder of the Canadian female suffrage movement
Dr Emily Stowe
Which was the first province to grant female suffrage and what year was it granted?
Manitoba in 1916
Who were the Bluebirds?
Women serving in the Royal Canadian Army Medical Corps
What is the British Commonwealth?
An association of countries who are former British Colonies
What year was the Bank of Canada created and what was its primary purpose?
1934, to manage the money supply and bring stability to the financial system.
How many Canadians served in WWII? How many died in service?
over 1 million served, over 44,000 died.
