Calculating Concentrations Flashcards
Calculating Concentrations
Concentration
one strength which have known amounts of solute and solvent in a given quantity of solution.
Standard Solution
solutions of relatively low concentration
Dilute or Weak
solutions of relatively high concentration
Concentrated or Strong
Molarity(M)
moles solute / Liter solution
Molality* (m)
moles solute / Kg solvent
Normality (N)
equivalent weight solute/ Liter solution
Mole Fraction(A)
moles solute / total moles solution
% (w/w) =
mass solute / mass solution x 100
% (w/v) =
mass solute / volume solution x 100
% (v/v) =
volume solute / volume solution x 100
- denotes the number of moles of a given substance per liter of solution.
- A capital letter M is used to abbreviate the units of mol/L.
Molarity
Molarity (M) =
moles solute / liters of solution
m of solution =
mol solute / kilograms solvent
- as a proportion of the total number of moles in a solution.
- Mole fractions are dimensionless quantities.
molar fraction
x of solution =
mol solute / mol solution
Mol% =
mole solute / mole solution x 100
Normality (N) =
Equivalent wt. solute / Liter solution
is the only concentration unit that is reaction dependent.
Normality
When a solution is diluted, ? is added to lower its concentration
Solvent
- is a method in chemistry that allows quantitative analysis of the concentration of an unknown acid or base solution.
- It makes use of the neutralization reaction that occurs between acids and bases, and that we know how acids and bases will react if we know their formula
Titration
There are three types of Titration
1) strong acid and strong base
2) weak acid and strong base
3) strong acid and weak base
