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MD3 > CAH- Immunisations > Flashcards

CAH- Immunisations Flashcards

1
Q

What vaccines do you receive at birth?

A

Hepatitis B

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2
Q

What vaccines do you receive at 2, 4 and 6 months?

A
  • Hepatitis B
  • DPT
  • Hib
  • Polio
  • Pneumococcal
  • Rotavirus
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3
Q

What vaccines do you receive at 12 months?

A
  • Hib
  • MMR
  • Meningococcal C
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4
Q

What vaccine do you receive at 18 months?

A

Varicella

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5
Q

What vaccines do you receive at 4 years old?

A
  • DPT
  • Polio
  • MMR
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6
Q

What vaccines do you receive in school?

A
  • Hepatitis B
  • Varicella
  • HPV
  • DPT
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7
Q

Absolute contraindications to vaccination?

A
  • Unexplained encephalopathy
  • Anaphylaxis to a component of the vaccine
  • If live and are immunosuppressed, pregnant or have had previous live vaccine or Ig
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8
Q

Additional vaccinations for ATSI children

A
  • HAV (all states - VIC)
  • BCG (endemic areas)
  • 13v and 23v pneumococcal
  • Flu (subsidised)
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9
Q

Immunisation Counselling

Important points in introduction & explanation

A
  1. Explanation of role of vaccines
    - Prevent disease and short & long term complications of these diseases
    - Reduce the spread of disease - protect vulnerable people
  2. Outline of vaccine schedule
    - Immunisations at birth, 2, 4, 6 months, 12 and 18 months, 4 years
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10
Q

Immunisation counselling

What are the general symptoms, complications & Rx of diseases immunised against?

Tetanus, pertusis, polio, hib,

A

Diphtheria - fever, membrane tonsils, cardiac + nervous system damage. Antibiotic + antitoxin

Tetanus - jaw spasm progressive, resp muscle involvement. IV Ig

Pertusis - whooping cough, breathing difficulty, pneumonia, bronchiectasis, fatal. Clarithromycin

Polio - paralysis. Supportive Rx

HIB - epiglottis, pneumonia, meningitis, orbital cellulitis. 3rd gen ceph

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11
Q

Immunisation counselling

What are the general symptoms, complications & Rx of diseases immunised against?

Rotavirus, pneumococcal, Men C, Measles, Mumps

A

Rotavirus - vomiting, diarrhoea, dehydration. Supportive rx

Pneumococcal - meningitis, pneumonia. Rx - penicillin, erythromycin

Men C - meningitis, pneumonia. 3rd gen ceph

Measles - flu-like, rash, conjunctivitis, encephalitis, pneumonia. Supportive Rx

Mumps - neck, salivary gland LAD, malaise, orchiditis, infertility, deafness. Supportive Rx

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12
Q

Immunisation counselling

Risk vs. benefits vs. safety

A

Risk

  • Serious complications rare i.e. allergy
  • Minor complications as with any medications i.e. local reactions
  • Complications of diseases worse than complications of vaccines

Benefits

  • Prevent child getting diseases and their complications, many don’t have treatment
  • Stops spread of disease, protects vulnerable people

Safety

  • Very safe program
  • Rigorously tested and continually monitored for safety
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13
Q

Immunisation counselling

Education on Autism link with MMR vaccine

A
  • MMR vaccine does not cause autism
  • One paper many years ago made this claim without adequate evidence or review by peers
  • It has since been retracted and substantial evidence to determine it is not linked to Autism has been performed
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14
Q

Immunisation counselling

Possible side effects

A
  • Local swelling, tenderness
  • Fever
  • Irritability
  • Rarely allergy

Generally short lived

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15
Q

Immunisation counselling

Contraindications

A
  • Postpone live vaccines if unwell (relative), pregnant or immunocompromised
  • Allergy to egg - flu & MMR
  • Previous serious allergy or unexplained encephalopathy
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16
Q

Immunisation counselling

What parents should expect on the day

A

Brief hx taken - exclude contraindications, answer any questions

Injection given into upper arm or thigh

Expect crying, irritability up to a few days. Mild fever, local redness/tenderness may occur

Fluids

17
Q

What general topics/areas should be covered when counselling on immunisations

A
  1. Explanation of purpose and immunisation schedule
  2. Overview of diseases, complications and management (if asked or hesitant for vaccine)
  3. Discussion of risks, benefits & safety
  4. Discuss contraindications
  5. Explain what to expect on the day
  6. Gain informed consent

MD3 (21 decks)

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