CAD pt 2 Flashcards
What is it called when myocardial cells die from lack of oxygen
myocardial infarction
What will myocardial infarction lead to
- Heart muscle damage
- Heart muscle death
- Myocardial scarring without heart muscle regrowth
What happens when a coronary artery is occluded
reduced perfusion causes a decline in function, and an abnormal ECG - myocardial O2 supply-demand mismatch
What are the two basic types of acute myocardial infarction
- Transmural
- Nontransmural (subendocardial)
What is present with a transmural inarction
Definite area of akinesis and wall thinning
Transmural infarcts extend through the whole thickness of the heart muscle and are usually a result of
complete occlusion of the areas blood supply
Which infartion involves a small area in teh subendocardial wall of teh Lt ventricle, ventricular septum, or pap muscles
Non-transmural infartion
The ____ area is farthest from the hearts blood supply
Subendocardial
Non-transmural infarctions may result in a lesser degree of wall thinning and ____ rather than akinesis
hypokinesis
What is direct evidence of myocardial ischemia
In the presence of chest pain and EKG changes detection of a regional wall motion abnormality
With acute infarction wall thickness is normal but ____ and ____ are reduced or absent
Systolic wall thickening
Endocardial motion
What are risk factors for myocardial infaction
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure
- Obesity
- Chronic kidney disease
- Heart failure
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Abuse of certain drugs
Symptomsof myocardial infarction
- Sudden chest pain
- Shortness of breath
- Nausea, vomiting
- Palpatations
- Sweating
- Anxiety
What are the sub-classifications of a myocardial infarction
- ST elevation MI (STEMI)
- non-ST elevation MI (non-STEMI)
Troponin tests measures
The levels of one of two proteins, troponin T or troponin I in a blood sample
