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psychology > CA theory > Flashcards

CA theory Flashcards

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1
Q

encoding

one of three fundamental processes of memory

A

the process of converting information into a usable form which can be stored in the brain

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2
Q

storage

one of the three fundamental processes of memory

A

retaining information in the brain so it can be accessed in the future

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3
Q

retreival

one of the three fundamental processes of memory

A

recovery or accessing of stored information

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4
Q

function

definition

A

the store’s purpose or role

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5
Q

capacity

definition

A

the amount of information held in the store

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6
Q

duration

definition

A

the length of time in which the info is held in the store

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7
Q

sensory memory

definition

A
  • entry level of memory
  • for sensory info to be encoded and retained
  • acts as a filter so there is not much info entering STM

capacity: unlimited
Duration 0.2 - 4 seconds

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8
Q

iconic memory

definition (devision on sensory memory)

A
  • temprorary store of visually recieved info
  • each image registered before previous one fades

Capactiy: unlimited
Duration: 0.2 - 0.4 seconds

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9
Q

echoic memory

definition (devision of sensory memory)

A
  • store info recieved by auditory system

Capacity: unlimited
Duration: 3 - 4 seconds

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10
Q

Short term memory (working memory)

definition

A
  • holds the info we are conciously aware of
    receives info from two places
    1. sensory memory to be encoded
    2. from LTM to be manipulated or used
    Capacity: 5-9 pieces of info
    Duration: approx 18-20 seconds but more if rehearses
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11
Q

Maintenance rehearsal

definition

A
  • the process of repeating something over and over again to keep it in STM
  • increases duration
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12
Q

How info is lost from STM

A
  1. decay, info not maintained by rehearsal so fades
  2. displacement, new info pushes out old info in STM
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13
Q

Long term memory

definition

A
  • holds info relatively perminantly
  • different types of memory associated with diff types of info stored in diff spots
    capacity: unlimited
    duration: potentially periment
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14
Q

serial position effect

definition

A
  • an experiment devised to tes the theory that memory is comprised of at least 2 diff parts, STM and LTM
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15
Q

Primacy effect

definition

A
  • better recal of items at the begining of a list
  • items have been rehearsed and stranderred to LTM
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16
Q

recency effect

definition

A
  • better recall of items at the end of list
  • items are still being rehearsed in STM
17
Q

phonological loop

definition

A
  • deals with auditory info and language both written (heard in your head) and spoken

part of the working memory model

18
Q

phonological store

part of the phonological loop

A
  • temporarily holds verbal and acoustic info in sound-based form and is passive in nature
19
Q

articulatory contron system

part of the phonological loop

A
  • turns visual stimuli into sounds in your head
  • holds sounds we want to keep for up to 2 seconds
  • allows the rehearsal of info in head
20
Q

visuo-spatial sketchpad

part of the working memory model

A
  • temporarily stores visual and spatial info
  • information here can come from sensory or STM
21
Q

central executive

part of the working memory model

A
  • monitors and coordinates the phonological loop and visuo-spatial sketchpad but does not store or process it
  • directs, divides and switches attention
  • selects, deletes and reorganizes info from the other slave systems
22
Q

episodic buffer

definition (part of working memory model)

A
  • controlled by central executive
  • can hold info in any form
  • pulls together info form phonological loop, visuo-spatial sketchpad and from the LTM
  • temporarily holds info until you decide whether it’s needed or not
23
Q

schema

definition

A
  • a cognitive structure that is a collection of basic knowledge about a concept or intity that serves as a guide to perception, interpretation, imagination or problem solving
24
Q

how we aquire schema

A
  • through generalizing personal experiences
  • taught beliefs and stereotypes of a group or society
25
Q

assimilation

way to ammend schemas

A

modifying new information to better fit into our existing schemas

26
Q

accommodation

way to ammend schema

A

adjusting schemas to newly discovered information

psychology (4 decks)

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