C9 Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the charge on group l and group ll ions?
They are metals so they lose electrons to form a postive charge
Group l forms 1+ ions
Group ll forms 2+ ions
Which element has the highest density in group l
Caesium
Which element in group l has the highest melting point?
Lithium
General reaction of a group l element with water
Vigorous reaction with water producing an alkaline solution. Bubbles will be seen due to the production of hydrogen
Why does reactivity increase down group l?
Group l lose an electron when they react
Trend in the reactivity with water down group l?
Reactivity increases down the group
General properties of transition metals
-high melting points
-form coloured conpounds
-often act as catalysts
Why is argon used to fill electric light bulbs
It is very chemically inert so will not react when the light bulb gets hot. It is non flammable
What properties of helium makes it suitable for use in balloons?
It is less dense than air and doesn’t burn
Why are the noble gases chemically inert?
They have full outer electron shells. This is a very stable electron configuration and means elements are unreactive.
Chemically inert
Not chemically active
How many electrons do the noble gases have in their outer shell?
- Theres no incomplete shells
Noble gases are monatomic gases. What does monatomic mean?
Molecules consist only 1 atom
What name is given to elements in group 0
Noble gases
Why do elements in the same group have similar chemical properties?
Elements in the same group have the same number of electrons in their outer shell, so they react in a similar way
How does non metallic character change across a period?
It increases across the period
How does metallic character change across a period?
It decreases across the period
Where are metals and non metals found in the periodic table
Metals: towards the left
Non metals: top right
How is the periodic table arranged?
The elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number. This places elements in vertical groups and horizontal periods
When does a halogen displacement reaction occur?
When a more reactive halogen dispalces a less reactive halogen from an aqueous solution of its halide ions
Why do melting and boiling point increase down group Vll?
The molecules get bigger down the group so there are stronger intermolecular forces to overcome during melting/boiling
What is the trend in color and destiny of grp Vll elements?
Color gets darker down the group
Density increases down the group
Why are halogens at different states at room temperature? What is the trend down the group?
Cuz they have different melting and boiling points. Melting and boiling points increase as you go down the group
Color and state of iodine at toom temperature?
Black solid
Color and state of bromine at room temp?
Red brown liquid
Color and state of chlorine at room temp?
Pale green gas
Halogens are diatomic. What does this mean?
They form molecules consisting of 2 atoms
Which group do the elements chlorine, bromine and iodine belong to?
Group 7, Halogens
What is the charge on group VI and VII ions?
They are non metals so they gain electrons to form negative ions
How does density change down in grp l?
Density increases.
How does melting point change down group 1?
It decreases down the group bc the strength of the metallic bonds decreases so less energy is required to break these bonds to turn the solid to liquid
What trends can be seen in group I elements (lithium, sodium and potasium?)
All relatively soft metals
Trend in melting points
Trend in density
Trend in reactivity with water
Which group do lithium sodihm and potassium belomg to
Group 1
What is the periodic table?
A method of classying elements
How many elecrons are in the outer shell of a group V element?
Five
Why can’t iodine displace chlorine or bromine from an aqueous ionic solution?
Because reactivity decreases down the group and iodine is below chlorine and bromine. Displacement would occur if iodine was more reactive than them
Which halogen can’t be displaced from an aqueous ionic solution by bromine?
Bromine
Which halogens can chlorine dispalce from an aqueous ionic solution?
It can displace any halogens below it in the group VII. It will displace iodine and bromine
Why does reactivity decrease doan group VII?
They gain an electron when they react. As you go down the group, atomic radius and electon shirling increase. This means that the attraction between the nucleus and outer electrons decrease so it is harder for the atom to gain an electron
