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Chemistry > C5 Electricity and Chemistry > Flashcards

C5 Electricity and Chemistry Flashcards

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1
Q

Compare the movement of electrons to the movement of ions in electrolysis

A

Electons move through wire from positive electrode ro negative while Ions move through the electrolyte. Positive ions>negative electrode
Negative ions>positive electrode

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2
Q

During the extraction of aluminium, why is aluminium oxide dissolved in molten cryolite?

A

Bc Al has a v high melting point. Dissolving it in molten cryolite decreased its melting point reducing costs and energy

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3
Q

Why are copper and steel-cored aluminium used in cables?

A

They both are good conductors of electricity

Copper:electrical wirin
Al: overhead wires

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4
Q

What forms at each electrolyte during the electrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid?

A

Anode:oxygen
Cathode: hydrogen

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5
Q

What forms at each electrode during the electrolysis if concentrated sodium chloride solution

A

Anode: Chlorine
Cathode:Hydrogen

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6
Q

What forms at each electrode during the electrolysis of concentrated hydroclohyric acid

A

Anode: chlorine
Cathode: hydrogen

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7
Q

What forms at each elecrode during the electrolysis of molten lead bromide

A

Cathode: lead
Anode: bromine

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8
Q

How can you predict whether a metal or hydrogen will form at the cathode during electrolysis of an aqueous compound?

A

If hydrogen is above the metal in the reactivity series, then the metal will form. If the metal is above hydrogen, then hydrogen will form

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9
Q

What is formed at each electrode in electrolysis

A

Anode: non metal
Cathode: hydrogen or metal

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10
Q

Products of electrolysis of dilute zinc chloride solution

A

Anode: Oxygen
Cathode: zinc

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11
Q

Products if electrolysis of concentrated potassium bromide solution

A

Anode: bromine
Cathode: hydrogen

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12
Q

What happens at the cathode during electrolysis

A

Cations gain electrons to form their elements. known as REDUCTION

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13
Q

What is electroplating

A

A process in which a metal is coated with a layer of another metal

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14
Q

Predict the products of electrolysis of concentrated copper iodide solution

A

Anode: iodine
Cathode: copper

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15
Q

Electrolysis

A

The breakdown of molten or aqueous ionic compounds using electricity

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16
Q

Reasons for using electroplating

A

-to prevent corrosion
-to improve appearance

17
Q

What forms at each electrode during the electrolysis of molten zinc chloride

A

Anode: chlorine
Cathode: zinc

18
Q

How does electroplating work?

A

The metal being coated is the cathode. The metal that will form the exterior is the anode. The electrolyete solution must contain ions of the metal which will form the outer coating.

19
Q

Why are plastics and ceramics used as insulators

A

They prevent the flow of electricity and dont conduct it

20
Q

What is the cathode and anode

A

Cathode- negative electrode
Anode- postive electrode

21
Q

What happens at the anode during electrolysis

A

The anions lose electrons to form their elements. This is oxidation

22
Q

Where do the ions in the electrolyte move to during electrolysis

A

Cations move towards the cathode
Anions move towards the anode

23
Q

Describe the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution using carbon electrodes

A

Copper ions gain electrons at the cathode to form pure copper. Oxygen ions lose electrons at the anode to form oxygen gas

24
Q

How can the products od electrolysis of molten electrolytes be predicted

A

Anode: non metal
Cathode: metal element

25
Q

What forms at each electrode during the electrolysis of copper sulfte solution using copper electrodes

A

Anode: copper ions
Cathode: copper

26
Q

What forms at each electrode during the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution using inert electrodes

A

Anode: oxygen
Cathode: copper

27
Q

Half equations for the electrolysis of aqueous NaCl

A

Cathode: 2H+ +2e->H2
Anode: 2Cl->Cl2+2e-

28
Q

Molten lead bromide electrolysis half equations

A

Cathode: Pb2+ + 2e- > Pb
Anode:2Br- > Br2+ 2e-

Chemistry (14 decks)

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