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Chemistry > C10 Metals > Flashcards

C10 Metals Flashcards

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1
Q

Why don’t metals lower than hydrogen in the reactivity series react with dilute hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid?

A

They are less reactive than hydrogen, so are unable to displace hydrogen from the acid to form a salt

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2
Q

How does the position of a metal in the reactivity series affect whether it will react with dilute acid?

A

If a metal is above hydrogen, it will react with dilute hydrochloric or sulfuric acid to form a salt and hydrogen

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3
Q

Word equation for the reaction between metals and sulfuric acid

A

Metal+sulfuric acid>metal sulfate+hydrogen

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4
Q

Word equation for the reaction between metals and hydrocloric acid

A

Metal+hydrochloric acid>metal chloride +hydrogen

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5
Q

What type of reaction occurs when a metal reacts with an acid? Why does this reaction occur?

A

Displacement reaction

The metal is more reactive than hydrogen so it will displace hydrogen and combine w the acid

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6
Q

What is produced when metal reacts with acid

A

Salt and Hydrogen

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7
Q

Why are metals malleable

A

The positive ions are arranged in uniform rows which are able to slide over one another

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8
Q

Why are metals good conductors

A

They contain delocalosed electrons which are free to move throughout the structure and carry charge

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9
Q

Why do metals have relatively high melting and boiling points

A

They have giant structures with strong metallic bonding. Theres a strong electrostatic attraction between the positive ions and negative so lots of energy is required to break these bonds to change state

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10
Q

Physical properties of metals

A

High melting and boiling points

Good conductors

Malleable

Ductile

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11
Q

What properties of mild steel make it suitable for use in car bodies and machinery

A

Tough
Ductile
Malleable
Good tensile strength

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12
Q

How and why is zinc used to make brass

A

Zinc is alloyed with copper to increase the strength and hardness of the material

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13
Q

What is produced when a metal reacts with oxygen

A

Metal oxide

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14
Q

How is zinc used in the galvanization process

A

Zinc can coat steel to prevent rusting. It protects the steel becayse the zinc layer is oxidised before the steel

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15
Q

Uses of aluminium

A

To manufacture aircraft bc its strong and has a low density

Used in food containers because it is resistant to corrosion

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16
Q

How can aluminim be extracted from its ore

A

Aluminium is more reactive than carbon so electrolysis must be used

When the molten ore undergoes electrolysis, the pure metal forms at cathode

17
Q

What is aluminium ore called

A

Bauxite

18
Q

Reduction of iron with carbon

A

2Fe 2 O3 + 3C>4Fe+3CO2

19
Q

How can iron be extracted from its ore, hematite

A

Reduction with carbon

Using iron ore, limestone and coke

20
Q

How is zinc extracted from its ore zinc blende?

A

Its heated to form zinc oxide
Zinc oxide is reduced by carbon monoxide or its dissolved in sulfuric acid, then electrolysed to produce pure zinc

21
Q

Which two methods can be used to extract metals from their ores

A

Reduction with carbon-only possible if metal is less reactive than carbon
Electrolysis

22
Q

Which metals are found in the Earths crust as uncombined elements?

A

Unrecative metals like Gold

23
Q

What is an ore

A

A rock with contains metals often chemically combined with other substances

24
Q

Where are most metals extracted from

A

From ores found in the Earths crust

25
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture combing a metal and other element

26
Q

Reaction between magnesium and oxygen

A

Magnesium oxide

27
Q

Reactivity series

A

Potassium
Sodium
Calcium
Magnesium
Carbon
Zjnc
Iron
Hydrogen
Copper

28
Q

What is meant by the reactivity of metals

A

The tendency if a metal atom to lose elecrons and form its positive ion

29
Q

What is formed during the thermal decomposition of metal carbonate

A

Metal oxide and carbon dioxide

30
Q

Why are alloys harder than metals

A

They have different sized atoms, cant slide, are hard, isn’t arranges uniformly

31
Q

Why is gold an alloy

A

Gold in its natural state is soft so to make it hard

32
Q

Which metal hydroxide deconpode when heated to produce steam and a metal oxide?

A

Zinc, iron and copper decompose

33
Q

What is formed when metal hydroxide is heated

A

Metal oxide and steam

Chemistry (14 decks)

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