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chemistry > c8 - chemical analysis > Flashcards

c8 - chemical analysis Flashcards

1
Q

What is a pure substance?

A

A pure substance is a single element or compound, not mixed with any other
substance

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2
Q

What is a formulation and how is it made?

A

A formulation is a mixture of compounds in measured quantities that has been
designed as a useful product

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3
Q

examples of formulations

A

fuels,
cleaning agents,
paints,
medicines,
alloys,
fertilisers
and foods

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4
Q

How is Rf calculated?

A

Distance moved by the spot / distance moved by solvent

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5
Q

test for hydrogen

A

pop with burning splint over gas

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6
Q

test for oxygen

A

glowing splint relights

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7
Q

test for CO2

A

turns limewater cloudy

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8
Q

test for chlorine

A

bleaches damp litmus paper and makes it white

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9
Q

WHY DO WE USE INSTRUMENTAL METHODS

A

more accurate
sensitive
quicker

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10
Q

what is flame emmision

A

Sample put into flame.
Light given out passed through spectroscope.
Line spectrum given out.
Analysed to identify metal ions & measure their concentrations.

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11
Q

what are the flame tests

A

lic
soy
pol
cog
car

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12
Q

test for cations

A

add a dilute sodium hydroxide

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13
Q

what is different about aluminum

A

adding excess NaOH will cause the percipitate to disolve

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14
Q

calcium, Ca2+

A

white

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15
Q

magnesium, Mg2+

A

white

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16
Q

copper, Cu2+

A

blue

17
Q

iron(II), Fe2+

A

green

18
Q

iron(III), Fe3+

A

brown

19
Q

ammonium, NH4+

A

when warmed will release ammonia gas

20
Q

what colour will red litmus paper turn if amonia is present

A

blue

21
Q

Testing for carbonate ions

A

add any dilute acid
bubble through limewater

22
Q

Testing for sulfate ions

A

add dilute hydrochloric acid

add dilute barium chloride

23
Q

Testing for halide ions

A

add dilute nitric acid to the sample
add dilute silver nitrate solution

24
Q

why do we add a acid first

A

it can react with any carbonate ions that may be present

25
Q

chloride, Cl⁻

A

white

26
Q

bromide, Br⁻

A

cream

27
Q

iodide, I⁻

A

yellow

chemistry (6 decks)

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