C8. Acids, Bases & Salts Flashcards
Solubility in water - Nitrate salts
All are soluble
Solubility in water - Ethanoate salts
All are soluble
Solubility in water - Sodium, potassium & ammonium salts
All are soluble
Solubility in water - Chloride, bromide & iodide salts
Not all are soluble
Insoluble: silver chloride, lead(II) iodide
Solubility in water - Sulfate salts
Most are soluble
Insoluble: barium sulfate, lead(II) sulfate, calcium sulfate
Solubility in water - Carbonate salts
Most are insoluble
Soluble: Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate
Colours - Potassium, sodium, ammonium, aluminium, calcium, lead(II), zinc salts
Solid: white
Aqueous solution: colourless
Colours - Carbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate salts
Solid: white
Aqueous solution: colourless (except for carbonate precipitates)
Colours - Iron(II) salts
Solid: green
Aqueous solution: green
Colours - Iron(III) salts
Solid: brown
Aqueous solution: yellow/brown
Colours - Copper(II) salts
Solid: blue
Aqueous solution: blue
Colours - Copper(II) carbonate
Solid: green
Aqueous solution: N/A (insoluble in water)
Colours - Copper(II) oxide
Solid: black
Aqueous solution: N/A (insoluble in water)
Solid zinc oxide - hot
Yellow
Solid zinc oxide - cold
White
Solid lead(II) oxide - hot
Brown
Solid lead(II) oxide - cold
Yellow
Chromate(VI) ion CrO42-
Yellow
Dichromate(VI) ion Cr2O72-
Orange
Manganate(VII) ion MnO4-
Purple
Iron(II) ion
Green
Iron(III) ion
Brown
Copper(II) ion
Blue
Flame test - Lithium ion
Flame colour: red
Flame test - Sodium ion
Flame colour: yellow
Flame test - Potassium ion
Flame colour: lilac/purple
Flame test - Copper(II) ion
Flame colour: blue-green
Preparation of salt - Why is it necessary to filter the mixture after mixing and stirring?
To remove the precipitate/residue
Preparation of salt - What is the purpose of washing the precipitate?
To remove SOLUBLE impurities
Preparation of salt - Why leave the precipitate in a warm oven?
To dry solid / to remove water
