C8 Flashcards
Test for carbon dioxide
When it is shaken with or bubbled through lime water the lime water turns milky/cloudy
Test for hydrogen
Hold a burning splint at the open end of the test tube of the gas it burns rapidly with a pop sound
Test for chlorine
When damp litmus paper is put into the gas the litmus paper is bleached and turns white
Test for oxygen
Insert a glowing splint into a test tube of the gas, the splint relights
Flame test yellow
Sodium ion Na+
Flame test crimson
Lithium ion Li+
Flame test lilac
Potassium ion K+
Flame test green
Sodium hydroxide solution NaOH - blue precipitate
Copper ion
Flame test orange/red
Sodium hydroxide solution NaOH - White precipitate
Calcium ion Ca 2+
Sodium hydroxide solution NaOH White precipitate
Magnesium ion 
Sodium hydroxide solution NaOH White precipitate (dissolves in excess)
Aluminium ion Al 3+
Sodium hydroxide solution NaOH
Green precipitate
Iron (ll) ion Fe 2+
Sodium hydroxide solution NaOH
Brown precipitate
Iron (lll) ion Fe 3+
Add dilute hydrochloric acid
Add barium chloride solution
White precipitate
Sulfate ion  SO4 2-
Add dilute acid
Forms carbon dioxide
Carbonate ion CO3 2-