C7 M3 Flashcards
Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias
Abbreviated ADRD, a progressive, degenerative disease that destroys nerve cells gradually in the brain and causes memory and thinking to become seriously impaired
Cognitive function
Involving the memory, reasoning, thinking, judgment, understanding, and behaviour functions of the brain
Cognitive impairment
Loss of ability to think, remember, reason, understand, or live independently
Cultural competence
The ability to interact effectively with people from different cultures or socioeconomic backgrounds
Delirium
temporary mental disorientation that can occur suddenly
Dementia
A group of illnesses that cause progressive loss of brain function including cognitive and social functions
Disorientation
An impaired ability to recall persons, places or time also known as mental confusion
Primary dementia
Dementia that does not results from any other disease
Responsive behaviour
Term that represents how their actions, words and gestures are a response that expresses something important about their personal, social or physical environment. They are the result changes in the brain that affect memory, judgment, orientation, mood or behaviour
Secondary dementia
Dementia that is a result of a disease, ingestion of damaging substances or injury
Sundowning
A confusion where the symptoms and behaviours of dementia increase at bedtime or during hours of darkness
Validation therapy
A focus on empathy and accepting the persons perception of reality
The ABCD Model of preventing and managing aggressive behaviours
A- antecedent (activating) - the tigger-
B- behaviour
C- consequences
D- decision made to decrease the behaviour and debrief, or share the experience with others to avoid another accident
Which factory has lead to an increase in the age of Canada’s population?
New treatments for chronic illnesses
Which statement describes ageism?
An attitude towards aging
Which phrase reflects a positive attitude towards aging?
Having patience
Why is it important for a HCA to understand personal beliefs towards aging?
Personal beliefs affect the quality of care given
Which factor can influence ones views of aging?
Personal experiences with the elderly
Which statement describes dementia?
A progressive condition that affects cognition
Dementia is a disorder that affects which part of the body?
The brain
A person diagnosed with dementia has which symptom?
Memory loss
Why does one person diagnosed with dementia show symptoms that are different from those of another person diagnosed with dementia?
Each person is affected in a unique way
How can you provide a high quality of care for a client diagnosed with dementia?
Understand your own thoughts towards dementia
What specific memory related symptoms are not concerning?
- forgetting keys occasionally
- forgetting the name of someone new or haven’t seen in awhile
What specific memory related symptoms are concerning?
- disorientation
- lost in a familiar setting
- repeating stories daily
what question can be asked to determine if further assessment of memory loss is required?
Is this interfering with your life at home or work? Is this affecting your quality of life?
A client was alert but now is drowsy
Delirium
Client forgets words when speaking with HCA
Dementia
Client sleeps all the time, refusing all interaction or meals
Depression
While being treated for an infection, client repeatedly tries to grab at “butterflies” he sees
Delirium
Client talks about feeling very sad today
Depression
Client wanders throughout unit as is he is looking for something, but unable to state what he is looking for
Dementia
Client mentions that the world would be “ better off without me”
Depression
Client was agitated yesterday, but today after taking medication for fever is much less so
Delirium
“Good morning”
Verbal communication
Avoiding eye contact
Non verbal communication
A quiet room
Communication climate
A picture of a grocery cart
Communication tool
Holding hands
Touch
A baby doll
Tactile trigger
Humming a song with a client
Mirroring
Remembering a 40th birthday
Reminiscence therapy
How is communication affected in clients with dementia?
Damage to the brain interrupts messages that are sent and received
Which factor contributes most to a communication climate?
Allowing time for responses
How can a caregiver get the attention of a client with dementia?
Hold the clients hand when speaking her name
When should the caregiver approach the client with dementia?
After making eye contact
Which statement acknowledges the clients emotions? 
“ You have a wonderful smile you look happy”
Why is touch important when communicating with clients with dementia?
It is closely related to emotions
Which statement is appropriate when a client with dementia needs to wash her hands before meal?
“ Let’s wash her hands can you turn on the water?”
What is the purpose of validation therapy?
To help clients express emotions
What is a benefit of reminiscence therapy for clients with dementia?
It validates clients life experiences
Which action is an auditory trigger?
Reading a funny poem
Independence in one’s actions
Autonomy
The ability to determine the relationship of an object to various distances
Depth perception
Dying from electric shock
Electrocution
A danger or risk
Hazard
The state of being normal; maintaining a normal routine
Normalcy
When should clients with dementia stop driving?
When they are no longer able to drive safely
Which symptoms of dementia could cause a client to have difficulties answering her home telephone?
Hearing loss
How can a client with dementia modify his driving to be a safer driver?
Drive only on familiar roads
When preparing food which task could the caregiver ask a client with poor judgement to do?
Wash potatoes to prepare for baking
What modifications can be made so that the client can bathe safely at home?
Install grab bars in the bathtub
How can the environment be modified to help the client find his room?
Place the clients name and photo beside the room
Which Item is safe to have an a living room environment?
A firm sofa
Which action would help maintain a clients personhood when he or she is no longer able to drive?
Talk to the client about his or her unsafe driving
How can the outdoor environment be made safe for a client with dementia?
Plan walking paths that start and end at the door
Which item contributes to a safe environment?
Cleaners locked in a separate cupboard
Which action demonstrates an HCA providing culturally sensitive care?
Learning about traditions celebrated by the client
How can the appetite of a client with dementia be improved?
Provide a variety of colourful foods
Which contributes to an appropriate dining environment?
Encourage the client to set the table
Which outcome is a benefit of social activities for clients with dementia?
Reduces depression
Which sport is an appropriate physical activity for clients with dementia?
Swimming
How can the HCA provide emotional care for a client in the late stages of dementia?
Maintain eye contact during interactions
Improve self-worth and sleep patterns
Social activities
Saying hello and the clients original language
Culturally sensitive care
The inability to cope leading to death
Failure to thrive
Feelings of being overwhelmed and unrewarded
Compassion fatigue
Describes unique care strategies for the client
Individualized care plan
Improves the body’s ability to function
Physical activities
Feelings of loss before the loss has occurred
Anticipatory grief
Trauma experienced when moving to a new Environment
Relocation stress syndrome
Using touch and eye contact
Meeting emotional needs
Dining area is quiet and intimate
Meeting nutritional needs
How can the HCA help the client and moving from her home to a continuing care facility?
Help the client to choose personal items to decorate her room
What information is helpful and developing an individualized care plan for a client with dementia?
The clients typical morning routine
Which situation indicates that a family member may be experiencing compassion fatigue?
Feeling lonely
How can the client and family cope when experiencing anticipatory grief?
Talk to others and a support group
