C7 Flashcards
covers
all natural and processed soil and rock materials.
Geologic Materials
All water beneath the surface of the Earth is called___
underground water, or subsurface water.
upper zone of
aeration called
Vandose Zone or Unsaturated Zone
lower zone of saturation called
Phreatic Zone or saturated zone
extends from the ground surface to slightly
below the depth of root penetration
Soil-water zone
Water in this zone
is available for transpiration by plants or direct evapo-
ration
Soil-wate zone
Water held by
surface tension moves by ____
Capillary action
separate the soil zone
from the capillary fringe.
Intermediate Zone
In the saturated zone, water is under___
pressure and occupies all pore spaces.
Hydrostatic pressure
The upper
surface of the saturated zone is called
Water table
a geologic unit capable of storing and
conveying usable amounts of ground water to wells or
springs
Aquifers
defined as
the ratio of the volume of voids to the total volume of
a soil or rock mass, expressed as a percentage.
Porosity
refers to openings formed at the
same time the material was formed or deposited
Primary porosity
refers to openings formed after
initial deposition or formation of a material
Secondary porosity
ratio of the volume of water that
an unconfined aquifer (soil or rock) releases by gravity
drainage to the volume of the soil or rock mass
Specific yield
refers to rate at
which water flows through a material.
Permeability or hydraulic conductivity
the ability of foundation materials to
puncture a flexible membrane liner or steel tank.
Puncturability
