C6.2 Test Buffer Deck Flashcards
Hydrocarbon
compound that only contains hydrogen and carbon atoms
why do alkanes form a homologous series
they have the same general fromula
alkane general formula
CnH2n+2
complete combutstion products?
CO2 and water
why carbon monoxide bad
toxic and causes suffocation
why do alkenes form a homologous series
same general formula
Why are alkanes saturated
because their carbon atoms are joined by C-C single bonds only
alkene general formula
CnH2n
why are alkenes unsaturated
bonds arent wholly made up of C-C single bonds
what is a functional group
a specific group of atoms in a compound which is responsible for that compounds chemical reactions
what is alkene functional group
C=C double bond
what type of reaction does the C=C double bond in alkenes allow for
addition reactions
example of addition reaction
ethene + bromine -> dibromoethane
bromine saturation test
solution turns colourless with alkene due to addition reaction, stays orange-brown when mixed with alkanes
alkene addition reaction with hydrogen and nickel catalyst
ethene + hydrogen -> ethane
alcohol functional group
hydroxyl, -OH
alcohol suffix
‘ol’
alcohol general formula
CnH2n+1OH
complete combustion of an alcohol
ethanol + oxygen -> carbon dioxide + water
what can you do with the hydroxyl functional group
oxidise to form carboxylic acid
carboxylic acid functional group
carboxyl, -COOH
carboxylic acid suffix
‘anoic acid’
how can a carboxyilic acid be formed
when an alcohol reacts with oxidising agent such as potassium manganate solution
how can ethanol be oxidised to ethanoic acid
add acidified potassium manganate solution to a test tube of ethanol and warm in a water bath. colour change from purple to very pale pink
carboxylic acid reacts with metals to form
salts and hyddrogen
carboxylic acid reacts with alkalis or bases to form
salts and water
carboxylic acid reacts with carbonates to form
salts, water and carbon dioxide
suffix for salt formed in carboxylic acid reaction
‘oate’ like ethanoate
crude oil is formed from
the remains of marine organisms that lived millions of years ago
crude oil is a
fossil fuel, finite resource
why is crude oil non-renewable
it is being used up quicker than it is being formed
what is crude oil made up of
complex mixture of hydrocarbons, mostly alkanes
the more carbon atoms there are in alkane molecules…
larger the molecules, stronger the intermolecular forces, higher the boiling point
