C5 | Total War

Question 1

Total War

Answer 1

When a country uses all its resources to try and win, and the war involves all its people in some way

Question 2

Rationing

Answer 2

Every person was entitled to a fixed weekly amount of fuel, clothing and food. The government introduced rationing because the Germans tried to cut off supplies of food and other goods by sinking the ships that brought them to Britain

Question 3

Dig for Victory campaign

Answer 3

Besides rationing, the government also encouraged people to grow their own food in their back gardens or allotments

Question 4

Home Guard

Answer 4

In May 1940, the government urged all men aged between 17 and 65 who weren’t in the army to join the Home Guard. These men worked part-time in their local area to prepare it for war and protect Britain

Question 5

the Blitz

Answer 5

By the end of May 1941, over 30,000 civilians had been killed in the bombing raids and 87,000 were seriously injured. In London alone, over 1 million homes were destroyed or damaged

Question 6

Air Raid Precaution (ARP) wardens

Answer 6

1.4 million ARP wardens patrolled the streets at night to make sure that no light was visible and helping out if there was an air raid

Question 7

What did the government do as a precaution against gas bombs?

Answer 7

They issued millions of gas masks to civilians

Question 8

Evacuation

Answer 8

1. Schoolchildren and their teachers
2. Pregnant women
3. Blind and disabled people
4. Women with children under 5
   were evacuated from the cities that were considered to be in danger

Question 9

Changing roles of women

Answer 9

1. Millions of women worked in weapons factories, on farms, and in army, navy and air force bases
2. Single women were forced to work but married women weren’t. However, many decided to work anyway, as well as looking after their families

Question 10

Families’ contribution to the war

Answer 10

To prevent any light from escaping and helping enemy bombers to locate their target,

1. People put up thick curtains that they could shut at night
2. Street lights were switched off or dimmed
3. Cars were fitted with masked headlights
4. Windows were taped to stop glass from shattering all over if a bomb exploded nearby

Question 11

How did the civilians prepare themselves for the bombing air raids?

Answer 11

Millions of people built their own bomb shelters in their back gardens