C5: Lesson 1 Flashcards
___ is not properly the doctrine of how we may make ourselves happy, but how we may make ourselves worthy of happiness
Morality
Along the same vein as ___, some philosophers believe ___requires __, the capacity to make moral decisions based on the perception of right and
wrong.
Kant;
personhood;
moral agency
it’s the ability to judge between good and bad, moral and
immoral.
moral agency
is a being who is conscious of the
concepts of right and wrong.
moral agent
___and _____are important facets of
human life, but they do not necessarily translate into genuine ethical or moral
value.
Aesthetic consideration; questions of etiquette;
___is clearly concerned with the right way to act in relation to other human
beings and toward self.
Ethics
___also reminds us that the distinctions are not always easy to neither
identify nor explain
Reason
___can be frowned upon by members of one human society or another
but need not merit the severest of punishments or penalty
Mistake
The second level where moral valuation takes place is ___.
societal
___ means ones immediate community (one’s neighborhood, barangay, or
town) the larger sphere (one’s province, region, or country) or the whole
global village defined as the interconnection of the different nations of the
world.
Society
____is a broad term it may include the beliefs and practices a certain
group of people considered valuable and can extend to such realms as art
(music, literature, arts and performance)laws (injunctions against taboo
practices) fields of knowledge (e.g. scientific, technological and medical
beliefs and practices at a given point in time) and customs of a community
Culture
Greeks has a famous saying for it: “_____” usually translated into English
as “know thyself”.
Epimeleia he auto
In response to this age-old philosophical challenge the Filipino philosopher ____ (1935-2014) writing in his essay _____ explained the “who he is” is a cross point.
RAMON C. REYES;
Man and Historical Action
Reyes identifies four cross points the __, ___, __, and ___
physical, the
interpersonal, the social and historical.
Past material factors that one did not have the choice in. You are member of
the species Homo Sapiens and therefore possess the capacities and limitation
endemic to human being everywhere.
Physical events
Individual is also a product of an ___cross point of many events and
factors outside of ones choosing.
interpersonal
A third cross point for Reyes is the ___“who one is” is shaped by ones
society.
societal
The term ___here pertains to all the elements of the human
groups- as opposed to the natural environment- that one is a member of.
“___” in its varied aspects is included here.
society; Culture
The fourth cross point Reyes names is the ___which is simply the events
that one’s people has undergone.
historical
“_____” also a project for one’s self
WHO ONE IS
____ plays a big role in this existential challenge of forming one’s
self.
ethics
___dictates what is right or wrong for an individual.
Culture
This quote implies that one culture is inescapable that is one has to look into
the standards of her society to resolve all her ethical questions with finality.
“when in Rome, do as the Romans do” by ST. AMBROSE
“Americans are ___; Filpinos
are _____,” supposed difference that grounds for some people radically
different sets of moral values
individualistic; communal
The American Philosopher ____ (1941-2003) provided a clear
argument against the validity of cultural relativism
JAMES RACHELS
- the idea that a person beliefs, values and
practices should be understood based on that persons own culture rather than
be judged against the criteria of another.
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
is the view that all beliefs, customs, and ethics are relative to the individual within his own social context
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
“right” and “wrong” are culture-specific
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
the position that claims that there is
no such thing as objective truth in the realm of morality
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
four of
largest religious groups in
the world at present based
on population.
Christianity,
Islam, Hinduism, and
Buddhism
____ is relative to the individuals particular situation
(implying no objective and universal truth about the situatedness of the
reader.
Religious teachings
