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Chemistry > C5 - Chemical Changes > Flashcards

C5 - Chemical Changes Flashcards

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1
Q

_______ are Important in Life.

A

Metals.

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2
Q

Ores are Rocks from which it is Economical to ________ the Metals that they contain.

A

Extract.

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3
Q

Most Metals in _____ are Chemically ________ to other Elements in Compounds, many have been __________.

A

Ores…Bonded…Oxidised…

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4
Q

To Extract Metals from their _______, the Metal Oxide must be _________.

A

Oxides…Reduced…

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5
Q

The Reactivity _______ is a List of Metals in Order of their _____________, with the Most Reactive at the Top and Least Reactive at the _______.

A

Series…Reactivity…Bottom…

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6
Q

Most Metals do not React Vigorously with ______.

A

Water.

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7
Q

What are the Three Most Reactive Metals?

A

Potassium, Sodium and Lithium.

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8
Q

Hydrogen Gas is given off if ________ React with Water or Dilute ______. The Gas ‘Pops’ with a Lighted Split.

A

Metals…Acids…

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9
Q

A more Reactive Metal will __________ a Less Reactive Metal from an _________ Solution (___) of one of its Salts.

A

Displace…Aqueous…Aq…

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10
Q

What is a Displacement Reaction?

A

Where one Reactant is Replaced by another Reactant.

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11
Q

Non-Metals like Hydrogen and Carbon can be given Positions in the Reactivity ________ on the Basis of Displacement __________.

A

Series…Reactions…

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12
Q

Metal’s are found in the Earth’s ______.

A

Crust.

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13
Q

Most Metals are Combined ______________ with other Chemical Elements.

A

Chemically.

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14
Q

When there is enough of a Metal or Metal Compound in a Rock to make it worth Extracting the Metal, the Rock is called a ______ ___.

A

Metal Ore.

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15
Q

Ores are ______ from the Ground.

A

Mined.

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16
Q

A Particular Metal depends on which Three Things?

A

How Easy it is to Extract, How much Metal the Ore contains and the changing demands for a particular Metal.

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17
Q

Metals that are more Reactive than _______ are not Extracted from their Ores by ___________ with Carbon, they are Extracted by Electrolysis of the Molten ______ Compound.

A

Carbon…Reduction…Metal…

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18
Q

Reactions between Metals and ______ can only occur when the Metal is _____ Reactive than the ___________ in the Acid.

A

Acids…More…Hydrogen…

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19
Q

Whenever a Reaction takes place between a Metal and an Acid, what is formed?

A

A Salt.

20
Q

A Salt is the General Name for a Compound Formed when the Hydrogen in an _____ is Replaced by ______ Ions.

A

Acid…Metal…

21
Q

If the Metal is very __________, the Reaction with _____ is too violent to be carried out Safely, so Alkali ________ are never added to Acid.

A

Reactive…Acids…Metals…

22
Q

Alkalis are part of a Larger Class of Compounds called ______.

A

Bases.

23
Q

Bases are ______________ that can Neutralise ______.

A

Compounds…Acids…

24
Q

Many Bases are Metal _______.

A

Oxides.

25
Q

When you React an Acid with a _____, a Salt and ______ are Formed.

A

Base…Water…

26
Q

What is the General Equation for a Neutralisation Reaction:

A

Acid + Base –> Salt + Water

27
Q

Salts are made up of Positive ______ Ions and a Negative ____ from an Acid.

A

Metal…Ion…

28
Q

Salts have no Overall _______.

A

Charge.

29
Q

What are another Two Important Reactions you can use to make Salts?

A

Reacting Solutions of an Acid and Alkali together or Reacting an Acid with a Carbonate.

30
Q

When an Acid reacts with an Alkali, what takes place?

A

A Neutralisation Reaction.

31
Q

You can make Ammonium Salts by Reacting an _____ with an ________.

A

Acid…Alkali…

32
Q

What are the Three Steps you can collect a Sample of Crystals with a Salt?

A
  • Carry out the Experiment with the Indicator added.
  • Run the Volume of Acid into the Solution of Alkali.
  • Crystallise and Dry the Crystals of Salt from the Reaction Mixture.
33
Q

Metal ___________ React with Acids to give a _____, Water and Carbon _________.

A

Carbonates…Salt…Dioxide…

34
Q

What is the General Equation for Metal Carbonates?

A

Acid + Carbonate –> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

35
Q

Soluble Hydroxides are called __________.

A

Alkalis.

36
Q

What is the name of a Substance than can Neutralise Acids?

A

Bases.

37
Q

What are Three Examples of Acids?

A

Citric, Sulphuric and Ethanoic.

38
Q

Pure Water is _________.

A

Neutral.

39
Q

All Acids Release ___ Ions when added to ______.

A

H+…Water…

40
Q

All Alkalis form Aqueous Hydroxide ____.

A

Ions.

41
Q

What is a Well-Known Indicator?

A

Litmus.

42
Q

What do you use to show how Acidic or Alkaline a Solution is?

A

pH Scale.

43
Q

The pH Above 7 is _______.

A

Acidic.

44
Q

The pH Below 7 is _________.

A

Alkaline.

45
Q

The pH in the Middle, which is 7, is _________.

A

Neutral.

Chemistry (13 decks)

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