C5 - Chemical Changes Flashcards
_______ are Important in Life.
Metals.
Ores are Rocks from which it is Economical to ________ the Metals that they contain.
Extract.
Most Metals in _____ are Chemically ________ to other Elements in Compounds, many have been __________.
Ores…Bonded…Oxidised…
To Extract Metals from their _______, the Metal Oxide must be _________.
Oxides…Reduced…
The Reactivity _______ is a List of Metals in Order of their _____________, with the Most Reactive at the Top and Least Reactive at the _______.
Series…Reactivity…Bottom…
Most Metals do not React Vigorously with ______.
Water.
What are the Three Most Reactive Metals?
Potassium, Sodium and Lithium.
Hydrogen Gas is given off if ________ React with Water or Dilute ______. The Gas ‘Pops’ with a Lighted Split.
Metals…Acids…
A more Reactive Metal will __________ a Less Reactive Metal from an _________ Solution (___) of one of its Salts.
Displace…Aqueous…Aq…
What is a Displacement Reaction?
Where one Reactant is Replaced by another Reactant.
Non-Metals like Hydrogen and Carbon can be given Positions in the Reactivity ________ on the Basis of Displacement __________.
Series…Reactions…
Metal’s are found in the Earth’s ______.
Crust.
Most Metals are Combined ______________ with other Chemical Elements.
Chemically.
When there is enough of a Metal or Metal Compound in a Rock to make it worth Extracting the Metal, the Rock is called a ______ ___.
Metal Ore.
Ores are ______ from the Ground.
Mined.
A Particular Metal depends on which Three Things?
How Easy it is to Extract, How much Metal the Ore contains and the changing demands for a particular Metal.
Metals that are more Reactive than _______ are not Extracted from their Ores by ___________ with Carbon, they are Extracted by Electrolysis of the Molten ______ Compound.
Carbon…Reduction…Metal…
Reactions between Metals and ______ can only occur when the Metal is _____ Reactive than the ___________ in the Acid.
Acids…More…Hydrogen…
Whenever a Reaction takes place between a Metal and an Acid, what is formed?
A Salt.
A Salt is the General Name for a Compound Formed when the Hydrogen in an _____ is Replaced by ______ Ions.
Acid…Metal…
If the Metal is very __________, the Reaction with _____ is too violent to be carried out Safely, so Alkali ________ are never added to Acid.
Reactive…Acids…Metals…
Alkalis are part of a Larger Class of Compounds called ______.
Bases.
Bases are ______________ that can Neutralise ______.
Compounds…Acids…
Many Bases are Metal _______.
Oxides.
When you React an Acid with a _____, a Salt and ______ are Formed.
Base…Water…
What is the General Equation for a Neutralisation Reaction:
Acid + Base –> Salt + Water
Salts are made up of Positive ______ Ions and a Negative ____ from an Acid.
Metal…Ion…
Salts have no Overall _______.
Charge.
What are another Two Important Reactions you can use to make Salts?
Reacting Solutions of an Acid and Alkali together or Reacting an Acid with a Carbonate.
When an Acid reacts with an Alkali, what takes place?
A Neutralisation Reaction.
You can make Ammonium Salts by Reacting an _____ with an ________.
Acid…Alkali…
What are the Three Steps you can collect a Sample of Crystals with a Salt?
- Carry out the Experiment with the Indicator added.
- Run the Volume of Acid into the Solution of Alkali.
- Crystallise and Dry the Crystals of Salt from the Reaction Mixture.
Metal ___________ React with Acids to give a _____, Water and Carbon _________.
Carbonates…Salt…Dioxide…
What is the General Equation for Metal Carbonates?
Acid + Carbonate –> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
Soluble Hydroxides are called __________.
Alkalis.
What is the name of a Substance than can Neutralise Acids?
Bases.
What are Three Examples of Acids?
Citric, Sulphuric and Ethanoic.
Pure Water is _________.
Neutral.
All Acids Release ___ Ions when added to ______.
H+…Water…
All Alkalis form Aqueous Hydroxide ____.
Ions.
What is a Well-Known Indicator?
Litmus.
What do you use to show how Acidic or Alkaline a Solution is?
pH Scale.
The pH Above 7 is _______.
Acidic.
The pH Below 7 is _________.
Alkaline.
The pH in the Middle, which is 7, is _________.
Neutral.
