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Year 10 - Chemistry > C5: Chemical Change > Flashcards

C5: Chemical Change Flashcards

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1
Q

State the reactivity series in order.

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
(Carbon)
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
(Hydrogen)
Cooper
Silver
Good
Platinum

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2
Q

What metals use electrolysis to be extracted?

A

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium

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3
Q

What metals are extracted by heating with carbon?

A

Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead

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4
Q

What metals are found native not in a metal ore?

A

Cooper
Silver
Good
Platinum

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5
Q

How do potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium react with water?

A

They fizz, sparks giving off hydrogen leaving behind an alkali.

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6
Q

How do potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium react with dilute acid?

A

Explode

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7
Q

How do magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron react with water?

A

Very slow reaction

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8
Q

How do magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron react with dilute acid?

A

Fizz, giving off hydrogen gas and forming salt.

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9
Q

How does tin and lead react with water?

A

Slight reaction with steam (cause it’s hot)

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10
Q

How does tin and lead react with dilute acid?

A

They react slowly with warm acid.

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11
Q

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react with water?

A

No reaction

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12
Q

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react with dilute acid?

A

No reaction

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13
Q

What type of acids are there?

A

Sulphuric acid
Phosphoric acid
Nitric acid
Hydrochloric acid

Ethanoic acid
Citric acid
Asparatic acid - vitamin C

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14
Q

Acid + water —-> ?

A

salt + hydrogen

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15
Q

Acid + metal oxide —-> ?

A

Salt + water

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16
Q

Acid + metal hydroxide —-> ?

A

salt + water

17
Q

Acid + metal carbonate —->

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

18
Q

What is the equation for metal + air?

A

Metal + oxygen —-> metal oxides

19
Q

What is the equation for metal + water?

A

Metal + water —-> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

20
Q

What observations would you make in a displacement reaction?

A

State changes, colour changes,

21
Q

What metals does carbon displace?

A

Zinc, iron, lead, copper, silver, gold, platinum

22
Q

What metals does hydrogen displace?

A

Cooper, silver, gold, platinum

23
Q

What are some metals more reactive?

A

Reactive metals have a greater tendency to form (or remain as) positive ions than less reactive metals which makes a metal more reactive.

24
Q

What does oxidation mean?

A

Loss of electrons (becoming more positively charged).

25
Q

What does reduction mean?

A

Gain of electrons (becoming more negatively charged).

26
Q

What is neutralisation?

A

When an acid and a base react to form water and salt.

27
Q

What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

A

H+ + OH- —> H2O

28
Q

How can you change the pH of a base to neutral?

A

By adding an acid to it slowly.

29
Q

What colour do acids turn?

A

Red/ orange/ yellow

30
Q

What colour do bases turn?

A

Blue/ purple/ green

31
Q

How can we change the concentration of a substance?

A

by adding water

32
Q

If an acid is able to fully deionise/ dissociate then it is classified as a…

A

strong acid

33
Q

If an acid only partially deionises/ dissociates then it’s classified as a…

A

weak acid

34
Q

What is a pH scale?

A

the measure of acidity and alkalinity. It indicates the strength of acids and alkalis.

35
Q

Water can be an acid and an alkali/ base. What word is used to describe this?

A

amphoteric

Year 10 - Chemistry (5 decks)

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