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Year 10 - Chemistry > C3 - Structure and Bonding > Flashcards

C3 - Structure and Bonding Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the complex ions?

A

Carbonate
Sulphate
Nitrate
Hydroxide
Ammonium

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2
Q

If the ion ends in -ide what does that mean?

A

It is on its one (Me myself and -ide) funny haha

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3
Q

If an ion ends in -ate what does that mean?

A

It has a mate haha funny

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4
Q

What is an isotope?

A

It is atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons and therefore different atomic masses.

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5
Q

What process do you use to go from a solid to liquid?

A

melting

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6
Q

What process do you use to go from a liquid to gas?

A

evaporation or boiling

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7
Q

What process do you use to go from a gas to liquid?

A

condensing

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8
Q

What process do you use to go from a liquid to solid?

A

freezing

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9
Q

What process do you use to go from a solid to gas?

A

sublimination e.g. dry ice

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10
Q

What are diatomic molecules?

A

Elements that can’t be alone e.g. oxygen (oxide), chlorine(chloride),

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11
Q

Compounds made up of ions are called what?

A

Ionic compounds

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12
Q

How are ionic compounds held together?

A

By strong forces of attraction between their oppositely charged ions.

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13
Q

Why do ionic compounds have high melting points?

A

Because it takes a lot of energy to break the many strong ionic bonds

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14
Q

What state are ionic compounds at room temperature?

A

Solid

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15
Q

Why do ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water?

A

Because their ions can then become mobile and can carry charge through the liquid

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16
Q

What are some properties of ionic compounds?

A

conducts electricity
high melting point
solid at room temperature
soluble in water

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17
Q

How are ionic bonds formed?

A

between a non-metal and a metal- opposites attract

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18
Q

What is covalent bonding?

A

When they share electrons to become stronger

19
Q

What are some properties of covalent bonds?

A

the bonds between the covalent molecules is extremely weak.

the bonds within the covalent molecules is very strong.

20
Q

What is the bonding in a molecule held together by?

A

the attraction of the shared electrons and the oppositely charge nuclei.

21
Q

What does intramolecular mean?

A

bonding within/ ripping apart

22
Q

What does intermolecular mean?

A

bonding between/ separating

23
Q

When showing covalent bonding, what do we call the diagrams?

A

dot and cross diagrams

24
Q

Do covalent bonds conduct electricity?

A

no because there are no free electrons to move

25
Q

What is the structure of fullerene?

A

spherical and each carbon is bonded to 3 others.

26
Q

What is the structure of diamond?

A

tetrahedral and each carbon bonded to 4 others

27
Q

what is the structure of graphite?

A

layers joined by weak intermolecular forces and each carbon is bonded to 3 others.

28
Q

What are the properties of fullerene?

A

lightweight, hollow, carcinogenic(cancer causing), fire resistant, man-made,

29
Q

What are the properties of diamond?

A

very hard, shiny/sparkly, high melting point,

30
Q

What are the properties of graphite?

A

slippery, weak, conductive, high melting point,

31
Q

What is fullerene used for?

A

solar panels

32
Q

What are diamonds used for?

A

jewellery, cutting machinery

33
Q

What is graphite used for?

A

pencils, lubricants, electrical conductors

34
Q

Since diamond, graphite and fullerene are all made of carbon what are they known as?

A

allotropes

35
Q

What is the bond for metallic bonding?

A

Metal + Metal

36
Q

What are some properties of metals?

A

Strong, shiny, high melting and boiling points, malleable (mouldable), ductile, electrical and thermal conductors

37
Q

What’s the shape of metallic bonding?

A

Lattice

38
Q

Metres to micrometres ?

A

X 1,000,000

39
Q

Metres to nanometres?

A

X 1,000,000,000

40
Q

Micrometres to nanometres?

A

X 1,000

41
Q

What is nanotechnology?

A

Technology or really small things

42
Q

Why do we use nanoparticles?

A

Cheaper, no waste

43
Q

What dangers does nanotechnology bring?

A

Since it’s new they aren’t sure if it works, not sure about long term dangers and nanoparticles could go into your blood stream because of how small nanoparticles are compared to a blood cell.

Year 10 - Chemistry (5 decks)

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