C5 Flashcards
What is le chatelier’s principle
If a dynamic equilibrium is disturbed by changing the conditions, the position of equilibrium shifts to counteract the change to reestablish an equilibrium
What stresses effect le chatelier’s principle
- tempurature
- concertration
- Pressure ( gases)
What happens when concertration increaces in an equilibrium
equilibrium shifts to the opposite side of of the reaction
What happens when concertration decreaces in an equilibrium
equilibrium shifts to the same side of of the reaction
What happens when pressure increaces in an equilibrium
equilibriam favours the side with fewer moles
What happens when pressure decreaces in an equilibrium
equilibriam favours the side with more moles
What units are used to messure concerntration
grams per dm^3
g/dm^3
What is dm^3 a unit of
volume
What is one decimeter?
1litre
1000cm^3
What is the equation for concentration
conc = mass/ volume
What is the equation for volume of gas
volume of gas = moles x24
What is the standard untis for volume of gas
dm^3
What gasses does the volume of gas equation work for
All gasses
(chlorine, steam, ….)
What conditions does this equation (volume of gas = moles x24) work under
- Standard room tempurature
- Standard room pressure
What does collision theory state
That in order for particle to react they must colide with each other with sufficent energy
What is activation energy
The minium amount of energy required for a reaction to take place
What two things effect reaction rates
Refering to engery
- The amount of energy that the particles have
- Frequency of particle collisions
What does increasing the temperature do to the reaction rate
It increases the reaction rate because :
- particles move faster so are more likely to react
- particles collide with more energy
This causes a Higher rate of successful collisions
What 4 ways can you change the reaction rate
Change the:
- tempurature
- concerntration/pressure
- Catylist
- Surface area
Why are Concentration and pressure considered one factor in reaction rates
They both refer to the amount of particles in a unit of volume
What happens to reaction rates when you increase the Concentration/pressure
- more particles per unit volume
- more freaquent collisions
- increased reaction rate
What happens to reaction rates when you increase the surface area
- Causes a higher surface area to volume ratio
- increases the rate of collision
- increases reaction rate
