C4.1

Question 1

What do the group 1 metals react with water to form

Answer 1

The group 1 metals react with water to form alkaline solutions.

Question 2

As you go down group 1 what happens

Answer 2

Their density increasing however potassium doesn’t follow this trend because it’s less dense than lithium

Question 3

What happens to the melting point as you go down the group

Answer 3

As you go down the group their melting point increases

Question 4

What do alkali metals react with water to form (chemical equation)

Answer 4

They produce a metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 5

How do the reactions with water change as you go down the group

Answer 5

Lithium fizzes steadily and slowly disappears
Sodium melts to form a silvery ball, fizzes vigorously and quickly disappears
Potassium ignites and quickly disappears

Question 6

Why does the reactivity of group 1 metals increase down the group

Answer 6

Because they lose their outer shell electrons easier:
The outer shell electron is further away from the nucleus meaning there is less attraction between the nucleus and electro
Therefore electrons further away are lost more easily. Making them more reactive.

Question 7

What do the group 7 elements exist as

Answer 7

They exist as diatomic molecules with weak intermolecular forces

Question 8

What do the group 7 elements look like

Answer 8

They are coloured or form coloured compounds

Question 9

What happens as you go down group 7

Answer 9

Density increases
Melting points and boiling points increase

Question 10

What are the colours of the group 7 elements

Answer 10

Fluorine - pale yellow
Chlorine - green gas
Bromine - orange/brown liquid
Iodine - shiny/grey black crystalline

Question 11

What do halogens react with metals to produce

Answer 11

They react with metals to produce salts. They react vigorously with them especially if the metal is heated first.

Question 12

How does the reactivity change down the group

Answer 12

The reactivity decreases as you go down the group as the halogens with more electron shells find it more difficult to attract electrons to complete their outer shell.

Question 13

What is a halide

Answer 13

A compound containing a group 7 element and one other element

Question 14

What is a halogen displacement reaction

Answer 14

Where a more reactive halogen displaces a less reaction halide in a solution.

Question 15

What happens when chlorine reacts with sodium bromide

Answer 15

It forms sodium chloride + bromine. The solution also becomes orange-brown as bromine has been displaced.

Question 16

What can each halogen displace

Answer 16

Chlorine displaces - bromine from bromides and iodine from iodides
Bromine displaces iodine from iodides
Iodine can’t displace either

Question 17

What colour does the solution become in a reaction

Answer 17

The solution becomes the colour of the displaced halogen

Question 18

What happens to one substance in a halogen displacement reaction

Answer 18

One substance is reduced and one substance is oxidised

Question 19

What are the elements in Group 0 called

Answer 19

They are called the noble gases

Question 20

Why are the elements in Group 0 unreactive

Answer 20

The elements in Group 0 are un reactive as they have a complete outer shell.

Question 21

What do the noble gases exist as

Answer 21

The noble gases are monotomic, they exist as single forces of attraction between them.

Question 22

Do the noble gases have high or low boiling points

Answer 22

The noble gases have low boiling points as the forces are easily overcome.

Question 23

What happens as you go down group 0

Answer 23

The attractive forces between atoms gets stronger and the boiling point increases

Question 24

What happens to the density as you go down group 0

Answer 24

The density increases.

Question 25

Where are the transition metals in the periodic table

Answer 25

They are found between group 2 and 5 in the periodic tabke.

Question 26

What are the physical properties of transition metals

Answer 26

Shiny when freshly cut
Strong
Malleable
good conductors of electricity

Question 27

What are the properties of transition metals compared to alkali metals

Answer 27

Are stronger and harder
Have higher melting points
Have higher densities

Question 28

What are the transition metals useful for

Answer 28

The transition metals are useful for making everyday objects for example copper is used in wires.

Question 29

Are the transition metals more or less reactive than the alkali metals

Answer 29

The transition metals are less reactive than the alkali metals and they react slowly if at all.

Question 30

What are the properties of the ionic compounds transition metals produce

Answer 30

They produce coloured compounds

Question 31

What are transition metals good at

Answer 31

They are good catalysts as they speed up the rate of reaction without being used up.

Question 32

What can transition metals produce more than one of

Answer 32

They can produce more than one type of ion.

Question 33

What determines the reactivity of a metal

Answer 33

The more easily it looses electrons to form positive ions.

Question 34

What can be used to sort the metals into their reactivity

Answer 34

Their reactions with water or with dilute HCl

Question 35

What can a more reactive metal do to a less reactive one

Answer 35

A more reactive material can displace a less reactive metal from solutions of its compounds.

Question 36

What are displacement reactions an example of

Answer 36

A redox reaction

Question 37

What are the patterns of reactivity

Answer 37

Elements in group 0 don’t react
Reactive non metals form covalent compounds with each other
Metals may from ionic compounds with reactive non metals
Metals in group 1 and 2 are more reactive than transition metals and other metals
Metals in group 1&2 become more reactive down the group
Non-metals in group 7 become less reactive down the group