C4 Extracting Metals and Equilibria Flashcards

1
Q

How can you extract metal?

A
  1. Reduction by carbon
  2. Electrolysis
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2
Q

Why do we use electrolysis to extract metals?

A

The metal is more reactive than carbon so it can’t displace the oxygen

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3
Q

What is a disadvantage of electrolysis?

A

It’s expensive as it needs electricity

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4
Q

What is bioleaching?

A

Where bacteria separate metals from their ores by breaking bonds between atoms in the ore, separating out the metal from the ore. The leachate contains the metal ions which can be extracted by displacement or electrolysis

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5
Q

What is phytoextraction?

A

Where you grow plants in soil that contains metal compounds. The metals gradually build up on the leaves. The plant is then burnt and the metal can be extracted by electrolysis or displacement in the ash

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6
Q

How is nitrogen obtained?

A

From the air

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7
Q

How is hydrogen obtained?

A

From hydrocarbons such as crude oil

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8
Q

What are the conditions for the Haber process?

A

450C, 200 atm and the presence of an iron catalyst

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9
Q

What is dynamic equilibrium?

A

The forward and backwards reactions are happening at the same rate. The concentration does not change, all in a closed system

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10
Q

What happens if you increase the temperature in equilibrium?

A

The equilibrium will shift towards the endothermic direction

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11
Q

What happens if you increase the pressure in equilibrium?

A

The equilibrium will shift towards the side that has the least moles of gas

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12
Q

What happens if you increase the concentration of reactants in equilibrium?

A

The equilibrium will shift towards the right as there are more reactants

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