c4 Flashcards
what’s the name for group 1
alkali metals
how does reactivity change as you go down the group 1
more electron shells means more electron shielding from the nucleus, less force of attraction as it’s easier to lose the electron. This means as you go down the group the elements get more reactive (faster reaction time)(m.p and b.p decreases)
what are the features of the alkali metals
reactive and soft
how does lithium, sodium and potassium react with water
Lithium = fizzes
Sodium = fizzes rapidly and melts into a ball
Potassium = burns with a lilac flame and makes a squeaky pop
when the alkali metals react with water, what are the products always made as
always make a metal hydroxide and hydrogen
e.g. Na + H20 –> NaOH + H2
whats the name given to the group 7 elements and what do they go around in
the halogens
they are diatomic so go around in pairs, e.g. Cl2, Br2
at room temperature, whats the appearance of F2
yellow gas
at room temperature, whats the appearance of Cl2
green gas
at room temperature, whats the appearance of Br2
orange-brown liquid
at room temperature, whats the appearance of I2
Grey solid with purple vapour
how does reactivity change as you go down group 7
become less reactive at room temperature (slower reaction time) more electron shells, mor electron shielding, less attraction to the nucleus, harder to gain (attract) electron
melting point increases as go down the group
what are the features of the noble gases
colourless gases with full outer shell meaning they’re inert. Also non-flamable
how does boiling point change as you go down the group
increases
how do you test carbon dioxide and what hjappens
turns limewater cloudy
how do you test chlorine and what happens
what safety procedures are needed
turns damp blue litmus paper red then white
need to wear a gas mask
experiment needs to take place in fume cupboard
how do you test for hydrogen and what happens
use a lit splint and hear a squeaky pop
how do you test for oxygen
oxygen will relight a glowing splint
how do you do a flame test
use a nichrome wire loop and dip it into a solution, hold under blue flame and look for colour change
whats the colour change for Ca
orange - red
whats the colour change for Li
red
whats the colour change for Na
yellow
whats the colour change for K
lilac
