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C1-C3 > C3.3 - types of chemical reactions > Flashcards

C3.3 - types of chemical reactions Flashcards

1
Q

what is neutralisation? (2)

A

the reaction between acids and a base/alkali (1) to form a salt and water only (1)

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2
Q

does the pH of the solution change during neutralisation?

A

yes, depending on the concentration of acid/alkali

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3
Q

what salt is produced when copper oxide powder neutralises sulfuric acid?

A

copper sulfate

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4
Q

what are the products produced during the neutralisation of:
sodium hydroxide + hydrochloric acid ->

A

sodium chloride + water

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5
Q

what is the equation during the reaction of an acid and a metal carbonate?

A

acid + carbonate -> salt + water + carbon dioxide

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6
Q

what are the products of the following reaction:
hydrochloric acid + calcium carbonate ->

A

calcium chloride + water + carbon dioxide
(metal carbonate)

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7
Q

what is the word equation during the reaction of a metal oxide and an acid?

A

Acid + oxide → salt + water

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8
Q

what are the products of the following reaction:

hydrochloric acid + magnesium oxide ->

A

magnesium chloride + water.

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9
Q

what is the word equation of the reaction between a metal hydroxide and acid?

A

hydroxide + acid -> salt + water

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10
Q

what happens during neutralisation in solution?

A
  • acidic solutions contain H+ ions (hydrogen)
  • alkaline solutions contain OH- ions (hydroxide)
  • they both react together and produce water
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11
Q

what is a redox reaction?

A

a reaction where reduction and oxidation happens at the same time

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12
Q

what is reduction in terms of oxygen?

A

loss of oxygen

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13
Q

what is oxidation in terms of oxygen?

A

gain of oxygen

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14
Q

looking at the following equation what is the oxidising and reducing agent and why? (4)

aluminium + iron oxide -> aluminium oxide + iron

A

iron oxide is the oxidising agent (1) as is loses/donates oxygen (to aluminium to make aluminium oxide) (1)

aluminium is the reducing agent (1) as it gains/receives oxygen (from iron oxide) (1)

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15
Q

what is the mnemonic for remembering oxidation/reduction/ electrons etc.?

A

OIL RIG
-> oxidation is loss
-> reduction is gain

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16
Q

do redox reactions always have to involve oxygen?

A

no, it can just be a loss/gain of electrons

17
Q

what is an acid? (in terms of what it releases when dissolved in water)

A

a substance which releases hydrogen ions when dissolved in water

18
Q

what makes a solution acidic?

A

hydrogen ions

19
Q

what is a base?

A

a substance that can neutralise acids

20
Q

what does an alkali release when dissolved in water?

A

OH- ions

21
Q

what makes a solution alkaline?

A

hydroxide ions

22
Q

what does pH < 7 mean?

A

acidic

23
Q

what does pH = 7 mean?

A

neutral

24
Q

what does pH > 7 mean?

A

alkaline

25
Q

what do you use to show the pH of a solution?

A
  • universal indicator
  • pH meter
26
Q

what are carbonates?

A

ionic compounds that contain the carbonate ion (CO3 2-)

27
Q

what do carbonates form when react with acids?

A

salt + water + carbon dioxide

28
Q

what is produced when a metal reacts with an acid?

A

salt + hydrogen

29
Q

what salt is produced when magnesium and hydrochloric acid reacts together?

A

magnesium chloride

30
Q

why does a piece of magnesium ribbon appear to have dissolved if placed into hydrochloric acid?

A
  • hydrogen (from HCl) is released as bubbles
  • salt magnesium chloride (from both) is formed
31
Q

what is a dilute acid?

A

an acid which contains a low ratio of acid to volume of solution

32
Q

what is a concentrated acid?

A

an acid which contains a high ratio of acid to volume of solution

33
Q

what is a weak acid?

A

acids that partially ionise (not all molecules release H+ ions)

34
Q

what is a strong acid?

A

acids that fully ionise (all molecules release H+ ions)

35
Q

what does a pH titration curve show?

A

the effect on pH by adding different amounts of acid to an alkali solution or vice versa

C1-C3 (11 decks)

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